摘要
目的了解儿童诺瓦克样病毒(Norwalk-like virus,NLVs)感染的临床特征及危险因素。方法收集临床诊断为病毒性腹泻患儿的粪便标本并填写调查表。对收集的标本分别采用ELISA检测轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)、RT-PCR检测NLVs。对调查表资料采用1∶1配对病例(NLVs)-病例(RV)及1∶1配对病例对照研究,分析NLVs感染的临床特点及危险因素。结果648份标本中检出RV 339份(52.31%),NLVs 80份(12.35%)。分析表明,NLVs所致腹泻的临床特征有别于RV腹泻,前者最早出现呕吐症状者居多(62.82%),并且有呕吐症状者多于后者。而RV腹泻患儿最早出现的症状以腹泻为主(65.38%)。发热、最高温度、发热天数、腹泻天数、是否输液治疗及就诊次数均为RV感染患儿高于NLVs感染患儿。对NLVs腹泻可能的危险因素进行单因素及多因素条件Logistic回归分析,最终筛选出4项危险因素,分别为吃生冷食品、与腹泻患者接触、吮手习惯及较少洗手。结论NLVs是导致儿童腹泻的重要病原体,其所致腹泻的临床特征不同于RV腹泻;RV腹泻临床症状较NLVs腹泻严重,但NLVs腹泻所造成的家庭经济负担不容忽视。
Objective To understand the clinical characteristics and risk factors of Norwalk-like virus（NLVs）infection in children with diarrhea. Methods Fecal specimens were collected from children with acute gastroenteritis and their parents were inquired with a questionnaire at the same time. The specimens were detected for rotavirus（RV）and NLVs by ELISA and RT-PCR respectively. The questionnaire data was analysed by 1：1 paired case（NLVs）-case（RV） comparision study and 1 ： 1 paired case-contol study for its clinical characteristic and risk factors. Results 648 fecal specimens were collected and detected. As a result, 339 RV positive specimens and 80 NLVs positive specimens were found. The clinical characteristic between NLVs cases and RV cases was different. Among the earliest symptoms, vomitting in NLVs cases（62.82 % ） was more often occunng than in RV cases（ 14.10 % ）. The amount of cases with vomiting in NLVs cases were more than in RV cases, also. But the cases with the symptoms such as fever, the highest temperature, the number of days in fever and diarrhea, transfusion or not and the times to see a doctor were more commonly occurring in RV cases than that in NLVs cases. The probable risk factors of NLVs infection were analyzed by one-variable and mutivariable logistic regression and four risk factors were determined in the end, such as eating crude or cold foods, touching with diarrhea cases, having the habit of sucking hands and less washing hands. Conclusion The clinical characteristic between NLVs cases and RV cases is different. The symptoms of RV cases are more severe than those of NLVs cases, but the burden brought by NLVs infection cannot be neglected.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第9期1030-1031,共2页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
诺瓦克样病毒
杯状病毒
轮状病毒
临床特征
危险因素
儿童
norwalk-like virus （NLVs）
calicivirus
rotavirus
clinical characteristic
risk factors
children
