摘要
考古调查已认定九华山古铜矿冶遗址年代为唐代。通过对６７个渣样的理论分析和模拟实验，笔者对九华山唐代的冶炼技术进行了复原。九华山有高钙和高铁两种冰钢渣，二者在随机取样时出现的比例约为７．４：１。高钙渣是熔炼脉石含钙的含铜黄铁矿（经焙烧）得到品位约为２５％的冰铜的炉渣，高铁渣是将品位为２５％的冰铜焙烧后熔炼成品位的４０％的冰铜的炉渣。物料平衡计算揭示的冶炼流程显示，含铜约６％的手选矿石要经历两次部分脱硫焙烧、两次鼓风炉熔炼，才能先后炼成品位为３５％和４０％的两种中间产物冰铜。九华山古铜矿冶遗址的研究表明，宋明时期文献《大冶赋》、《菽国杂记》所记载的使用“硫化矿—冰铜—铜”工艺冶炼低品位含铜黄铁矿的技术在唐代就已存在并已成熟。
Jiuhuashan copper mining-smelting sites, which were dated to belong to the Tang Dynasty, have two kinds of matte slags. The high-carbon slag came from the smelting of copper-containing pyrite with Ca3Fe2 (SiO4), as the main gangue material, and the product was the matte containing about 25% copper. The high-iron slag came from the smelting which enriched the copper content of the matte to about 40%.
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSCD
1996年第3期285-294,共10页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences
关键词
唐代
硫化矿石
冰铜
炉渣
炼铜
Jiuhuashan
Tang Dynasty
copper smelting
sulphide ores
matte
slag
