摘要
目的了解广州市区青少年哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、湿疹的患病率变化趋势.方法按照儿童哮喘及其他过敏性疾病的国际间对比研究（ISAAC）阶段Ⅲ方案,对广州市4个中心城区10所中学的3516名13～14岁青少年进行横断面问卷调查,并将结果与1994～1995年ISAAC阶段Ⅰ作对比.结果书面问卷中,近12个月喘息和运动后喘息症状的患病率,分别由阶段I的3.4%和17.4%上升为阶段Ⅲ的4.8%和23.4%（P〈0.01）,而医生诊断哮喘的患病率（阶段Ⅰ为3.9%,阶段Ⅲ为4.6%）在两阶段间比较差异无统计学意义.录像问卷中,阶段Ⅲ的近12个月休息时喘息和运动后喘息患病率分别为3.8%和11.3%,也高于阶段Ⅰ的2.0%和6.9%（均P〈0.01）.无感冒时有鼻炎和鼻结膜炎症状的近12个月患病率,分别由阶段Ⅰ的39.5%和8.7%上升为阶段Ⅲ的45.5%和11.1%（均P〈0.01）;同时,医生诊断为季节性花粉过敏和过敏性鼻炎的患病率,分别由阶段Ⅰ的2.9%和17.4%上升为阶段Ⅲ的4.1%和22.7%（均P〈0.05）.近12个月湿疹症状的患病率,由阶段Ⅰ的1.3%上升为阶段Ⅲ的2.2%（P〈0.01）,而医生诊断湿疹的患病率,两阶段间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.男性哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、湿疹的近12个月症状及医生诊断患病率上升的幅度均较女性明显.结论广州市13～14岁青少年哮喘及过敏性鼻炎、湿疹患病率均较7年前高,且以男性上升明显.
Objective To assess time trends in the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in Guangzhou urban adolescents. Methods A cross-sectlonal study using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood （ISAAC） Phase Ⅲ protocol was conducted in 2001. Cluster randomized samples of 3516 schoolchildren aged 13-14 from 10 secondary schools of four central districts were recruited for the study in Guangzhou city. The results were compared with those obtained in ISAAC Phase 1 Study （ 1994-1995 ）, which used the identical and validated core questionnaires. Each subject was given an ISAAC Phase Ⅲ written questionnaire to complete, followed by the video questionnaire about asthma at the same session in school Results The prevalence rate of physicians＇ diagnosis of asthma in Phase Ⅲ was 4. 6% , which was similar to that of 3.9% in Phase [ （ P 〉0.05 ）. But the prevalence rates of wheeze and exercise- induced wheeze in the past 12 months by written questionnaire have increased from 3. 4% and 17. 4% in Phase I to 4. 8% and 23.4% in Phase Ⅲ respectively （ all P 〈0. 01 ）. By the video questionnaire, the 12- months prevalence rates of wheeze at rest and exercise-induced wheeze were also significantly higher in Phase HI （3.8% and 11.3% ） compared with those in Phase I （2. 0% and 6. 9% ） （P 〈0.01）. The 12-months prevalence rates of nasal symptoms without common cold, both related to rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis had also increased from 39. 5% and 8. 7% in Phase I to 45.5% and 11.1% in Phase Ⅲ, respectively （both P 〈0. 01 ）. Meanwhile, the prevalence rates of physicians＇ diagnosis of hayfever and allergic rhinitis in Phase Ⅲ were 4. 1% and 22.7%, which were significantly higher than that of 2. 9% and 17.4% in Phase I （both P 〈 0. 05 ）. The 12-months prevalence rate of flexural eczema symptoms had increased from 1.3% in Phase I to 2. 2% in Phase Ⅲ （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. However, the prevalence rates of physicians＇ diagnosis of eczema were similar i
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第15期1014-1020,共7页
National Medical Journal of China
基金
香港中文大学Earmarked研究资金资助项目(RGCCUHK4165/02M)
关键词
呼吸道疾病
过敏症
湿疹
青少年
哮喘
Respiratory tract diseases
Anaphylaxis
Eczema
Adolescence
