摘要
目的了解南京地区中学生人群中抑郁障碍的现患率及其主要危险因素。方法采用横断面研究,研究对象来自南京地区13个区县的56个学校168个班级7161名在校初一至高三的中学生,其中初中生占71．0％,高中生占29．0％;男生为49．4％,女生为50．6％;城区占47．6％,乡村占 52．4％;调查的有效应答率为92．5％。结果该样本人群中抑郁障碍现患率为14．8％,男生的现患率 (16．4％)显著高于女生(13．0％),初中生与高中生之间则没有差异(14．6％ vs．15．4％)。不存在年龄、城乡差异。经多因素logistic回归模型分析,学习兴趣缺乏、学习成绩较差、自觉学习任务繁重、升学能力的自我评估较差、缺乏知心朋友、同学／亲朋之间相处不好、过于关心亲朋、父母失业状况、不与亲生父母居住、家庭成员构成的改变均可增加学生罹患抑郁障碍的风险。结论在样本人群中,抑郁障碍的现患率达到14．8％,中学生抑郁障碍的罹患情况与自身心理特质、家庭、教育、成长及社会环境有关,社会、家庭与学校均应加强针对中学生的心理健康教育。
Objective To study the prevalence of depression and its major risk factors among high school students in Nanjing, China. Methods A population-based cross sectional study was conducted between October 2004 and December 2004. 168 classes from 56 schools were randomly selected in thirteen administrative districts/counties of Nanjing, China. Data from a total number of 7161 eligible students including 71.0% from junior high school and 29.0 % from senior high school students with 49.4 % boys and 50.6 % girls. Among them 47.6 % from urban and 52.4 % from rural area. The response rate was 92.5% . Results The overall prevalence of depression was 14.8,% in this sample which was higher in boys （ 16.4 % ） than in girls（13.0 % ）. There was no significant difference between junior and senior high school students（14.6 % vs. 15.4 % ） or between age groups and urban rural residence. The identified major risk factors would include： lack of interest on learning, unmet academic achievements, lack of self-estimated capability of competence,too much burden on learning, lack of close friends, badving relation with friends/ relatives,indifferent attitude towards friends/relatives, status of parents employment, and family structure. Conclusion The prevalence of depression was 14.8 %, which was close to the figure in Asian American high school students. More attention should he paid on the issue of mental health in high school students under the rapid transition of society,economy,life style and ideas in China.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期324-327,共4页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
关键词
抑郁障碍
危险因素
中学生
Depression
Risk factor
High school student
