摘要
目的了解当前广州地区儿科呼吸道感染常见病原肺炎链球菌对常用抗生素的敏感性,以便有效指导临床防治工作。方法连续两年对广州市儿童医院儿科就诊的上呼吸道感染儿童鼻咽分泌物进行培养、分离肺炎链球菌,采用纸片法及E-Test方法对分离株进行常用抗生素敏感性检测。结果从呼吸道感染儿童鼻咽部分离肺炎链球菌共157株,肺炎链球菌对青霉素不敏感(PRSP)率为53.5%,PRSP对β-内酰胺类、红霉素、复方磺胺甲基异口恶唑耐药率明显高于青霉素敏感株(PSSP),且多重耐药率高达90%以上,本地区分离株对阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾、头孢曲松钠仍具有很好的敏感性,而对头孢呋辛敏感性仅59%,2001年分离株对头孢克洛耐药率为56%,分离株对红霉素耐药率高达78%,四环素耐药率为87.9%,复方磺胺甲基异口恶唑耐药也很突出(69%),而对氯霉素仍保持低水平耐药(33.3%)。结论本地区儿童上呼吸道肺炎链球菌耐药形势严峻,PRSP已达中等水平,有逐年上升的趋势,临床上应合理应用抗生素,制定好防治病原菌的对策。
Objective To investigate the situation of antibiotic resistance of S, pneumoniae （Sp） among children in Guangzhou. and to guide the prevention and clinical treatment, Methods The Sp strains from patients who visited children＇s hospitals in Guangzhou between 2000 and 2001 were cultured, isolated and identified, Tests of antibiotic susceptibility were done for these clinical isolates. Results The average rates of nasopharyngeal carriage for Sp in the hospital were 15. 8%. The penicillin resistant Sp （PRSP） isolates accounted for 53.5%. PRSP isolates showed a high resistance to other β-lactam antimicrobial, erythromyeine and rimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole （TMP-SMX） as compared to penicillin susceptible Sp （PSSP） isolates, More than 90% of PRSP were multi-drug resistant strains, The strains of Sp were susceptible to amoxieillin/elavulamie acid and eeftriaxone. Strains had deereaeed susceptibilities （59%） to cefuroxne. In 2001 the rates cefaelor resistant were 56%, The prevalence of erythromycin resistant Sp in this study was up to 78%, The rates for tetracycline resistance were 87. 9%, TMP-SMX resistant rates were as high as （69 % ）, The choramphenicol resistant isolates were in stable low levels （33.3 %）. Conclusion The resistant Sp isolated from children with respiratory tract infection in the area would be a severe problem. PRSR rate was increased to middle level, It was necessary to use the antibiotic in rule and have made the way to prevent and treat the strains.
出处
《护士进修杂志》
北大核心
2006年第4期306-309,共4页
Journal of Nurses Training
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2005B36001022)
广州市医药卫生科技项目(2005-YB-060)
关键词
链球菌
肺炎
抗生素
儿童
防治
Streptococcus Pneumonia Antibiotic Children Prevention and treatment
