摘要
产生非法收益的犯罪属于上游犯罪,而洗钱犯罪则属于下游犯罪。毒品犯罪俗称洗毒钱;黑社会性质犯罪俗称洗黑钱;走私犯罪俗称洗私钱。洗钱包括两个阶段,即清洗毒、黑、私钱以及将清洗过的钱重新投到合法经济中。洗钱犯罪具有规模经济效应,因为毒品、走私等上游犯罪所产生的收益通常特别巨大,由个人窝藏或销赃既不易消化处理,又得冒更大风险,若借助金融机构结算工具和帐户,通过转帐、汇兑、托管以及信贷等方式,则可达到非法收益合法化的目的。
The crime that produces illicit income belongs to upper crimes, while money laundering is a part of lower crime. The crime of drug is commonly called as laundering drug money. The crime of underworld has a popular name of laundering black money. And the offense of smuggling is popularly named as laundering smuggled money. The crime of laundering money includes two stages, i.e. laundering drug, black, smuggled money, and investing the money from the criminal laundering to lawful economy. Money laundering has a scaled economic effect because the return that upper crime produces is especially enormous, and it is not easy to be harbored or disposed by individuals, so it has a huge risk, unless turning the illegal revenues into legalized investment through transferring accounts, remittance, trusteeship, and credit.
出处
《学术研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第4期58-63,共6页
Academic Research
基金
2005年国家社会科学基金资助项目(05BJL062)"地下经济对国家经济安全影响的实证研究"的阶段性成果
