摘要
在44口凡纳滨对虾低盐度养殖池中共鉴定藻类7门62属113种,蓝藻26种,绿藻54种,硅藻14种,裸藻11种,隐藻3种,甲藻4种,金藻1种。绿藻门种类最多,占藻类种类数的47·8%,其次为蓝藻门占23·0%,硅藻占12·4%,裸藻占9·7%。优势种主要为蓝藻,典型优势种有螺旋藻(Spirulinasp.),假鱼腥藻(Pseudoanabaenasp.),弯形尖头藻(Raphidiopsis curvata),针状蓝纤维藻(Dactylococcopsis acicularis)等,其中螺旋藻的优势度平均达到50%,为主要优势种。常见的绿藻有栅藻(Scenedesmusp.),衣藻(Chlamydomonassp.),小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)等;常见的硅藻为梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghinian),卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)、啮蚀隐藻(C.erosa)和绿裸藻(Euglenavirdis)在虾池中比较常见。养殖池中浮游藻类的种类数平均为43±9种,多样性指数平均为2·19±0·56,个体数量平均为1·45±0·87×108个/L;藻类的种类、数量及生物量表现为养殖前期低后期高的特征,而多样性表现相反,藻类的组成直接影响对虾的生长。
By investigating in 44 low salinity culture ponds of Litopenaeus vannamei, 113 species of algae were identified in all, belonging to 7 phyla and 62 genera, respectively. They included 26 Cyanophyta species, 54 Chlorophyta species, 14 Bacillariophyta species, 11 Euglenophyta species, 3 Cryptophyta species, 4 Pyrrophyta species and 1 Chrysophyta species. Chlorophyta was the first in species variety and next came Cyanophyta. The important dominant species included Spirulina sp. , Pseudoanabaena sp. , Raphidiopsis curvata , Oscillatoria tenuis and Dactylococcopsis acicularis. The average abundance of Spirulina sp. amounted to 50%. Other dominant species of Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta included Scenedesmu dimorphus, Chlamydomonas globosa , Chlorella vulgaris and Cyclotella meneghinian. Cryptornonas ovata , C. erosa and Euglena virdis were very common species in the low salinity culture ponds. The dominant and common species were those that were adapted to the eutrophic aquatic environment. in culture ponds,the average number of algae species was 43±9, biodiversity index was 2.19±0.56 and their densities were 1.45±0.87 × 10^8 cells/L. The species numbers and biomass were low in early culture period and high in post culture period, but the biodiversity was in reversal. The algae composition had a direct impact on the shrimp growth.
出处
《海洋水产研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期1-7,共7页
Marine Fisheries Research
基金
国家973项目(G1999012011)
珠海科技项目(200310084)
广东省揭阳市科技项目(JY0305)共同资助
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
低盐度养殖池
浮游藻类
优势种
多样性
Litopenaeus vannamei Low salinity culture ponds Planktonic algae community Dominant species Biodiversity
