摘要
《清史稿》等史料表明,明前叶经营淮盐的商人主体,是由西北商与淮商(又称扬州盐商)所构成。即该时期淮商不包括西北商。且在当时的淮盐经营中,也无陕商、晋商、徽商等一类称呼。从这种意义上看,不但徽商与西北商是处在不可比状态,而且连陕商、晋商是否为西北商主体也须论证。再据地方史料记载,徽州早在明初,甚至宋元时期,便有人迁往两淮,并有人在那里业盐。是盐法志科第记录表明,构成明前叶西北商主体者,为陕籍商人(另可能还有晋籍),而同时期的淮商主体,则只能是徽籍商人。且该时期在淮徽籍盐商绝不是一个小数,其科举业绩也早于西北商。故从这种意义上说,明前叶又是徽商与西北商同时在经营淮盐。明中叶以后,西北商加入淮商,与徽商一起构成新的淮商主体。
Draft History of the Qing Dynasty and other historical materials indicate that salt merchants in the early Ming Dynasty are mostly from the northwest and Huai area, i. e. the merchants of the northwest were not included in those of Huai area at that time. And there were not so-called merchants of Shannxi, of Shanxi, of Huizhou etc. In this sense, at that time the merchants of Huizhou and the merchants of the northwest cannot be compared, and whether the merchants of Shannxi and of Shanxi were principal part of the merchants of the northwest needs demonstrating. According to local historical materials, in the early Ming Dynasty or even earlier in the Song and Yuan Dynasty, some people of Huizhou moved to Huainan and Huaibei and some of them dealt in salt. The report of salt history indicates that the principal part of the merchants of the northwest in early Ming Dynasty was the merchants of Shannxi （maybe including Shanxi） and that the contemporaneous merchants of Huai area were possibly only from Huizhou. And at that time, there were a great number of merchants of Huai area and of Huizhou, whose trade of salt was earlier than that of the merchants of the northwest. Therefore, in this sense, the merchants of Huizhou and of the northwest were dealing in Huai salt at the same time in the early Ming Dynasty. After the middle period of the Ming Dynasty, the merchants of the northwest and of Huizhou composed of the principal part of the merchants of Huai area.
出处
《四川理工学院学报（社会科学版）》
2006年第1期53-59,共7页
Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering(Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
明前叶
淮盐
淮商
西北商
徽商
early Ming Dynasty
Huai salt
merchants of Huai area
merchants of the northwest
merchants of Shannxi merchants of Huizhou
