摘要
目的:了解高原施工人群急性重型高原病患病率及群体影响因素.方法:用流行病学调查对3年期间8个施工单位27 606人次,累积229例发病者进行统计,并将群体基础预防优良者8 176人(A组)和预防不良者19 430人(B组),海拔～3 600 m、～4 600 m、～5 072 m进行比较.结果:患病率(%):总人群0.83,其中高原肺水肿0.50,高原脑水肿0.28,两者并存者0.05,且在B组高于A组和随海拔梯度上升总患病率上升.A组0.32,B组1.04(x2=36.95,P＜0.001);三个海拔人群依次为0.00,0.68及1.34(x2=21.90,P＜0.001);个群最高4.82(首年)和2.26(次年),且均发生在最高海拔区.结论:急性重型高原病患病率仍不容乐观,主要影响因素为海拔高度和群体基础预防水平;加强劳动保护、卫勤保障、习服性登高及社会-心理适应促进可大幅度降低群体患病率,且是当前高原医学和社会支持需要解决的首要实践问题.
Objective： To know the prevalence rate of the severe acute altitude disease （PRSAAD） of the crowds who are working at high altitude and the influential factors upon the people. Methods：27606 persons, who are working in the plateau at various altitudes （3 600m, 4 600m, 5 072m） during 3 years, were studied on the base of epidemiology. 8 175 persons were designed in the group A, in which the subjects had a good adaptation; 19 430 were designed in the group B, in which the persons had no an available adaptation. Results： The PRSAAD in all persons was 0. 83%, 0. 50%, 0.28% and 0. 05% of this prevalence rate showed the high altitude pulmonary edema, cerebral edema and pulmonary edema ＋ cerebral edema respectively, and it was lower in the group A （ 1.04% ） than that in the group B （0.32%） （χ^2 =36.95 ,P 〈0.01 ）. The PRSAAI） at 3 600m, 4 600m and 5 072m altitudes was 0.00%, 0.68% and 1.34% respectively. Condusion：The PSAAD is important problem on site. The main risk factors are a higher altitude and adaptive capacity, such as the level of basic prevention for the crowds, the working protection, medical safeguard and social psychological adaptation.
出处
《高原医学杂志》
CAS
2005年第3期7-9,共3页
Journal of High Altitude Medicine
关键词
高海拔
患病率
急性重型高原病
因素
群体
High altitude
Prevalence rate
Acute high altitude disease
Prevention
