摘要
士是中国古代的一种重要社会角色。唐前士人的社会角色经历了曲折的变化。唐代士人社会角色的变迁是与唐代社会政治的变迁紧密相连的。儒士、文人和官僚的三位一体,构成了唐代文人的基本面貌。从社会身分的角度看,活跃在唐代社会政治文化生活中的几种社会角色,基本上可说是郎官、翰林学士、谏官、幕僚、州官等等。这几类人中,除了翰林学士是新产生的一种社会角色外,其他几类基本上是在原有的官僚体制格局中略作调整;但郎官、幕僚和州郡官之流在社会政治和文化活动中尤为活跃,所起的作用也更加明显。科举和入幕,特别是科举,成为士人改变自己的社会地位和转换社会角色的两大基本途径。大多数士人都走过这条坎坷不平之路。而科举和入幕的共存,集中体现了唐代士人社会角色变迁的时代特征。
An important social class in ancient China, scholars experienced very complicated changes in social position in the pre - Tang times. The evolution of the scholar＇ s social role in the Tang Dynasty was closely associated with the social and political evolution in those days. And the most essential expression of this role found the way in the trinity of the Confucian scholar, the scholar and the official. In the Tang society, the secretary, the member of the imperial academy, the remonstrator, the high- rank assistant and the state sheriff were basically the social positions of scholars active in political and cultural life, of which the secretaries, high-rank assistants and state sheriffs were the most active and played more remarkable parts in the then society. Most of such social positions resulted only from slight adjustment of the former bureaucracy except for the membership of the imperial academy, which was a fresh-created position for scholars. To change and transform their social position and social role, most scholars in those days took two frustrative paths, to be admitted in the assistantship or to take the imperial examination, especially the latter. Therefore, the co-existence of the admission into the assistantship and that by means of the imperial examination was characterstic of the evolution of the social role of scholars in the Tang Dynasty.
出处
《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第6期58-64,共7页
Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(04BZW023)
关键词
士人
唐代文人
中唐文风
scholar, scholars in the Tang Dynasty
style of writing in the mid-Tang Dynasty
