摘要
[目的]对引起偏二甲肼作业人员急性、慢性中毒的基本原因进行分析,建立中毒风险故障树,提出防制措施。[方法]用单因素分析方法,对偏二甲肼作业中可能导致人员中毒的环节进行分析,确定危险因素;用故障树分析确定作业中直接和潜在的基本致因事件及其相互联系与制约的关系。[结果]偏二甲肼作业中可能导致人员中毒的基本事件有34个,主要的危险因素是跑冒滴漏、取样化验、日常检查、运输、加注、转注、泄回、废液处理、故障修复和人员救护,产生原因包括材料相容性不好、操作程序失误、作业时安全防护不当、违章操作或误操作、出现事故时处理不当等。[结论]偏二甲肼作业中人员有急性和慢性中毒的危险,必须采取安全措施减少中毒事件的发生。
[ Objective ] The main accident risk sources and risk factors of unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine（ UDMH ） in stockpile and operation were analyzed, therefore control measures could be suggested to reduce occurrence of toxic accidents. [ Methods ] By means of unit-analysis to every operational unit of UDMH that may be toxic to crews, the main risk factors were screened out. [ Results ] The main risk factors include leakage, assay, maintain, transportation, launching etc., and the main causes include bad compatibility of the material, operation flow sequence, protection means, etc. [ Gonclusion ] Toxicity was the main hazard in conventional operation of UDMH, appropriate protection means were helpful to cut down the accidents of poisoning.
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2005年第5期446-448,共3页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
关键词
偏二甲肼
中毒
故障树
风险分析
unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine
poisoning
fault tree analysis
risk analysis
