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硝基氧化剂的毒理及安全防护 被引量:2

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摘要 硝基氧化剂作为高能可贮存液体推进剂的组成部分,广泛应用于大型运载火箭和导弹[1].俄罗斯现役洲际导弹SS-18、SS-19,我国长征系列运载火箭都采用硝基氧化剂和肼类燃料作为发动机的能源和工作介质[2-4].为满足靶场试验、作战和训练的需要,军事和航天部门贮存了相当数量的硝基氧化剂,由于硝基氧化剂具有强腐蚀性、强氧化性、易挥发且毒性大的特点,在储存、运输、转注、使用和装备维修中由于违章操作、设备故障、偶然因素或处置不当等原因均会引起不同程度的泄漏,对人员和环境可能会造成伤害或污染.在我国导弹和航天发射试验中,曾发生过多起由于推进剂泄漏引起的人员中毒事故[5].本文介绍硝基氧化剂在贮存、使用中可能的接触途径、对人员的伤害及安全防护.
出处 《中国职业医学》 CAS 北大核心 2004年第3期50-52,共3页 China Occupational Medicine
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参考文献23

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