摘要
本文研究了9种山茶属植物的染色体数日,其中6种为首次报道。结果表明,这些种都为二倍体,2n=30,未观察到多倍体。本文讨论了部分山茶属植物的染色体数目,野生种中以二倍体居多,栽培种和杂交种中则以三倍体和四倍体居多。推测在这种进化趋势的形成过程中,人工选择可能起了重要的促进作用。
Most of the plants of Genus Camellia which are the typical Cathaysian flora originated in China. So far, 250 species were found universally in the genus and the chromosome number of only 49 species of them were studied. In this paper. the chromosome number of 5 wild species and 4 cultivated species (including varieties) in the genus are observed, by the wall degradation hypotonic treatment method, and the chromosome number of 4 wild species and 2 cultivated species are reported for the first time. The chromosome number of several wild species—Camellia grandibracteata Chang T. Y. W., C. dehungensis Chang W. C. , C. manglaensis Chang T. W., C. kwangnanica Chang W. C. C. taliensis (W. W. Sm) Melchior and some cultiva(?)ed species—C. assamica (Mast.) Chang, C. assamica var. kucha Chang W. C., C.yunkiangica Chang W.C., C. sinensis (L.) O. Ktze are all deploid (2n=30).The results are identical with the basic chromosome number X=15 of the genus established by Darlington (1955). All previous reports concerning the chromosome number in the genus referred to the genus Camellia a polyploid series with basic chromosome number X=15.30 species and varieties were diploid (61. 22%) and 19 species and varieties were polyploid (38. 78%). The chromosome number for somatic cells in the Camellia ranged from 30 to 120. The chromosome number of C.sinensis was 2n=30, 45, 60, but our result shows 2n=30. The polyploid were not found in C. sinensis.The chromosome number of C. assamica and C. taliensis are identical to that previously reported (2n=30) . The diploid and triploid of somatic cells were found at the same time in one plant of C. yunkiangica.In addition. the wild species are mostly diploid and the cultivated species vary from triploid to octoploid, but most of them are triploid and tetraploid. These results could be related to the artificial selection and utilization.The type specime(?)s of 6 species and varieties of which the chromosome number are reported for the first time. are preserved respectively in the Herbarium of Yu
出处
《云南农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
1989年第3期256-263,共8页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University
关键词
植物
山茶属
染色体
数目
Genus Camellia
Chromosome number
Representatives are reported for the first time on Chromosome number
