摘要
云对地气系统的辐射收支具有十分重要的作用,云辐射参数化是目前气候模式中不确定性的主要来源。云可以通过多种途径对辐射产生影响,形成不同符号、不同量值的反馈机制。研究表明,模式气候对不同的云辐射参数化方案十分敏感。预报云水含量方案的引入,改进了对云辐射过程的模拟,但与观测资料相比仍有差距。一般说来,模式中引入云水的相变和相互作用的云粒子大小产生负反馈,而光学厚度和云量产生的是正反馈。云辐射反馈的净作用其大小和符号因模式而异。云辐射与大尺度天气气候背景之间有着紧密的联系,尤其是海温对辐射平衡有显著影响。最后总结了当前云辐射研究中存在的主要问题,并提出了改进的途径。
Cloud plays an important role in the radiative budget of climate system, and cloud-radiation parameterization is one of the main sources of uncertainty in climate models. Cloud can impact radiation through various ways, resulting in feedbacks with different sign and magnitude. Researches show that model climate is very sensitive to cloud-radiation parameterization schemes. As predictable cloud water content is introduced to models, the simulation of cloud-radiation processes is improved,though significant difference from observations still exists. Generally, the introduction of phase change of cloud water and interactive cloud droplet size can produce negative feedbacks, while the cloud optical depth feedback and cloud amount feedback are positive in climate change. Cloud-radiation has a close connection with large-scale background of climate, especially the remarkable SST effect on radiation balance. We also summarize the main problems of present cloud-radiation researches and give some proposals.
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期207-215,共9页
Advances in Earth Science
关键词
气候模式
云辐射反馈
参数化
Climate models
Cloud radiative feedback
Parameterization.
