摘要
先秦士人是一个不断演变的文化群体。“士”的指称对象，在西周初年，主要是“殷遗”或周邦以外的“有方”人士．由于周人需要培养自己的官司民守，“士”概念的内涵也就发生了转换与蜕变。这一转变的关键，便是周人各级教育网络所具有的“造士”功能。周代教育十分完备，贵族子弟享有各级教育的权利，平民也不乏受教育的机会。周代士子受教科目，包括“德行”与“道艺”两类；其培养目标就是德艺兼备，“出使长之”“入使治之”的文武兼能之士。周人以射礼选士，也是出于同一目的。周代选士，有相应的爵命制度，故有“命士”与“庶士”之别。周代士人的培养、考选与爵命之制，决定了他们作为新型知识群体的文化特征。［
Shi' (Intellectuals) in Previous Qin are a constantly developing cultural community. 'Shi' mainly refers to the Yin generations and the intellectuals beyond Zhou Dynasty. The connotation of 'Shi' changes due to the requirement of the training of the off officals for Zhou. which results in the 'training-Shi' functions in Zhou's educational net of all levels. Zhou's education is perfect. which offers the opportunity for nobles' children as well as for the children of the poor. What the Zhou children learned is categorized into 'morality' and 'skills'. The training aim is to produce such talents both of ability and of political integrity. which is also fit to intellectuals' selecting in accordance with morality. Intellectuals' selecting in Zhou is based on its system of appointment which is reflected by 'appointed people' and 'common people'. The system of training, selecting and appointing determines the cultural features of new-type community of knowledge.
出处
《湖北师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2001年第1期1-9,共9页
Journal of Hubei Normal University（Philosophy and Social Science）
基金
国家社会科学基金!<中国早期文化意识的嬗变>(批准号:00BZW012)
关键词
士
士人文化
同代教育
六艺
爵命
Shi (Intellectuals)
Intellectual culture
Education in Zhou
Six arts: Appointment
