摘要
普通小麦中国春与携带抗禾谷类根结线虫（Ｍｅｌｏｉｄｏｇｙｎｅｎａａｓｉ）基因的易变山羊草杂交，杂种Ｆ１减数分裂行为极不规则，绝大部分染色体在Ｍ１呈单价体，染色体平均构型为２ｎ＝３５＝３０．５１Ⅰ＋２．１８Ⅱ＋０．０５Ⅲ。杂种Ｆ１自交不结实，与普通小麦Ｌｕｔｉｎ回交，结实率为５．４５％。ＢＣ１植株染色体数变化在２ｎ＝４７～５６。抗Ｍ．ｎａａｓｉＢＣ１植株再与Ｌｕｔｉｎｌ回交２次，在Ｆ２ＢＣ３群体中首次获得了抗Ｍ．ｎａａｓｉ的“普通小麦—易变山羊草”二体附加系。该附加系表现与Ｌｕｔｉｎ相似的农艺性状。细胞学鉴定结果表明该附加系减数分裂较正常，遗传稳定性较高，附加染色体为近中部着丝粒染色体。同功酶分析发现抗Ｍ．ｎａａｓｉ基因与麦类第三部分同源转化群特异标记酶酯酶Ｅｓｔ—５编码基因位于同一染色体，外源附加染色体可能为易变山羊草３Ｕ或３ＳＶ。
Common wheat,, Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring was crossed with an Aegilops variabilis accession resistornt to root knot nematode Meloidogyne naasi. Meiotic behaviour of F1 hybrid was very irregular and the average meiotic chromosome pairing at MI on each PMC was 30.51 Ⅰ+2.18 Ⅱ+0. 05Ⅲ. No seed on selfing was found, and a seed set of 5.45% for the backcross with common wheat Lutin obtained in the F1 hybrid. The chromosome number of BC1 plants varied from 47 to 56. After BC1 Plants resistant to M. naasi were backrossed twice with Lutin, wheat Ae. variabilis disomic addition lines resistant to M. naasi were obtained for the first time in F2BC3 population. Cytologic characterization demonstrated that disomic addition lines R1 and R2 presented relatively regular meiotic behaviour and stable transmission of added chromosome which was submetacentric. Analysis of isozyme indicated that the resistant gene to M. naasi was located on the same chromosome with esterase Est─ 5 which was a specific marker for the third group of homoeologeous chromosomes of wheat. Propably, the added chromosome of R1 and R2 was 3U or 3Sv of Ae. variabilis.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
1994年第3期9-14,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
关键词
小麦
山羊草
二体附加系
基因
抗性
common wheat, Ae. Variabilis, disomic addition line, resistance to M. naasi
