摘要
作者采用常规生化分析法测定草食性鱼类天然食料(七种水生高等植物)的生化成分和能值。在实验室特定条件下测定了草鱼和团头鲂的系列体重组对七种水生高等植物的最大摄食量和消化率。1.七种水生高等植物的生化成分的含量和能值的分析结果表明,菹草、黄丝草、聚草、苦草、小茨草、轮叶黑藻和紫背浮萍的水分百分含量范围为80.85—92.72%、蛋白质为1.69—4.96%、脂肪为0.35—1.09%、灰分为0.98—2.6%、纤维素为0.66—2.17%、无氮浸出物为2.3—9.95%。七种水生植物的蛋白质均含有常见十七种氨基酸,包括鱼体必需氨基酸九种和非必需氨基酸八种。其中菹草的氨基酸含量最高(36.63mg/g 湿重)、苦草最低(12.92mg/g 湿重);菹草的能值最高(3.36KJ/g 湿重)、小茨藻最低(1.28KJ/g 湿重)。2.草鱼、团头鲂对七种水生植物的最大摄食量(Y,g/24h)及消化率(Y,%)与鱼体重(X,g)相关显著,关系式为 Y=aX^b。从结果表明,随着鱼体重的增加,鱼对七种食料的相对摄食量下降(绝对摄食量上升),消化率提高。草鱼的最大摄食量一般比团头鲂高,而消化率一般比团头鲂低。
Chemical composition and energy contents were determined for seven aquatic plants which are natural foods of herbivorous fishes Under laboratory conditions(water temperature= 30℃;dissolved oxygen=8ppm;pH=7—8;light intensity=1800—2800Lx),measurements were made on the maximum rate of consumption and digestibilities of dry matter,protein, amino acids,fat,ash and carbohydrates in Ctenopharyngodon idella and Megalobrama amb- lycephala fed various aquatic plants.The size range was 8.70—22.02cm in length and 10.50— 226.56g in weight for C.idella,and 8.50—24.96cm in length and 6.50—381.05g in weight for M.amblycephala. 1.In the seven aquatic plants(Potamogeton crispus,Potamogeton maackianus,Myriophyl- lum spicatum,Vallisneria spiralis,Najas minor,Hydrilla verticillata and Spirodela polyrhiza), water content ranged from 80.85—92.72%,protein content ranged from 1.69—4.96%,fat con- tent ranged from 0.35—1.09% ash content ranged from 0.98—2.45%,cellulose content ranged from 0.66—2.17%,and the content of non-nitrogen extracts ranged from 2.30—9.95%. The proteins of all the seven plants contained 17 common amino acids(tryptophane was not measured),including 9 essential amino acids for fish.The content of amino acids was hig- hest in P.crispus(36.63mg/g wet wt.)and lowest in V.spiralis(12.92mg/g).Energy content was highest in P.crispus(3.36KJ/g wet wt.)and lowest in N.minor(1.28KJ/g). 2.Maximum rate of food consumption and digestibility in the two fish species fed each plant were related to the body weight(X,g)of the fish by the equation:Y=aX^b,where Y (g/24hr or %)is either maximum rate of food consumption or digestibility.As body weight increased,the relative consumption rate decreased and digestibility increased.Usually,C.idel- la had higher rates of maximum food consumption,but lower digestibilities than M.amblyce- phala.
出处
《水生生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第1期1-12,共12页
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金
项目编号:3860589。
关键词
水生植物
消化率
营养
草食性鱼类
Aquatic plants
Ctenopharyngodon idella
Megalobrama amblycephala
Maximum consumption
Digestion
