摘要
中国是一个耗能大国 ,由于能源利用不合理而造成了严重的环境污染和生态环境问题。在石化能源日益耗竭的情况下 ,开发替代能源已十分紧迫。以薪柴为代表的生物质能源 ,具有洁净、可再生的特点 ,是一种比较优良的后续能源。作为一种能源植物 ,在中国“三北”地区广为栽培的沙棘具有 4大优势 :一是生物产量高 ,在黄土高原地区达 5 6～ 8 0t/ (hm2 ·a) ,比其它主要优势灌木群落高 0 8～ 14 9倍 ;二是发热性能好 ,热值高达 195 98kJ/kg ,1 3t沙棘薪柴就可相当于 1 0t原煤 ;三是抗旱能力强 ,可以生长在贫瘠干旱的立地条件类型 ;四是耐刈割平茬 ,生长恢复快 ,一般 4～ 6年左右可以进行薪柴利用。充分利用沙棘的高热值、多适性特征 ,适地适树适法 ,可以分区有序建立起布局合理的沙棘能源林基地 ,缓解中国农村能源问题 ,有效促进生态、经济和社会的协调发展。
There exist severe pollution and ecological problems as a result of irrational utilization of energy in China, the large country of consuming energy in the world It is urgent to develop substitute energy as the mineral energy are gradually consuming up As a representative of biological energy, firewood is a good kind of successive energy due to its characteristics of purity and regeneration Seabuckthorn, a widely planted fuel wood plant, has four advantages in the rural areas in Three North of China (North, Northeastern and Northwestern China). The biomass of seabuckthorn in the Loess Plateau come to 5 6 8 0t/(hm 2·a),0 8～14 9 times more than that of the othermain dominant bushes Seabuckthorn has good characteristics as an energy plant because of its heat value is as high as 19598kJ/kg, that is, 1 3 tons of its wood fuel corresponds 1 tons of original coal Seabuckthorn not only can exist in dry barren site conditions as its strong drought tolerance, but grow rapidly after cutting in a periods of about 4 to 6 years The high heat value and good adaptability to multiple sites of seabuckthorn deserve to be paid attention, and the seabuckthorn energy forest should be set up in a suitable condition with scientific measures, so as to solve the rural energy problems and promote the harmony development of ecology, economy and society in the rural areas in Three North
