摘要
挪威号称“水电之国”，其电力的99．7％为水电，已有100多年水电开发的历史，水电使挪威从一个贫困国家发展成为一个现代化工业国家。挪威在水电开发技术上，广泛采用隧洞引水及地下式厂房、隧洞不衬砌、气垫式调压室、水下岩塞爆破等技术，大大降低了电站建设费用；在水电资源的利用上，通过建立电力市场、进行跨国电力交换，使水电资源得到优化配置和更充分利用；同时特别注意水资源的保护，使水资源在整体上发挥社会、经济、环境和生态的综合效益。挪威水电资源的开发利用技术和管理经验对我国的水电开发具有一定的借鉴意义。
Norway is called 'land of hydropower', 99.7% of the country's electricity is hydropower, which has been exploited for over 100 years and has made Norway become a modern industrialized country from a poor one. The technologies such as tunnels diversion and underground power stations, non-lined tunnels, air cushion surge chambers and underwater rock plug blasting are extensively applied to hydropower exploitation, and by these have reduced the construction cost of hydropower stations considerably. With respect to utilization of hydropower resources, the hydropower resources is disposed with optimization and utilized fully through establishing electricity market and exchanging electricity with other countries. Meanwhile, Norway pays special attention to the conservation of water resources so that it can be of comprehensive benefits on society, economy, environment and ecology as a whole. Norwegian technologies and experiences on hydropower resources exploitation can be used for reference by our country.
作者
刘奇志
凌玉标
陈建国
LIU Qi-zhi,LING Yu-biao,CHEN Jian-guo (Lishui Hydro and Power Corporation, Hunan Changsha 410007, China)
出处
《西北水力发电》
2004年第3期65-68,共4页
Journal of Northwest Hydroelectric Power
关键词
挪威
水电资源
开发和利用
体会与建议
norway
hydropower resources
exploitation and utilization
understanding and proposal
