摘要
采用解剖学、组织学、组织化学方法 ,通过电镜观察 ,研究了南方鲇 (SilurusmeridionalisChen)头肾的形态和超微结构。南方鲇左右头肾不相连 ,与肾明显分离。头肾组织包括血管系统、淋巴细胞聚集区、粒细胞聚集区、内分泌组织区。血管系统由头肾动脉、头肾静脉、后主静脉及其分枝所组成。淋巴区细胞染色深 ,紧密聚集成网状结构 ,主要包括大、小淋巴细胞等细胞类型。粒细胞区域狭窄 ,染色浅 ,主要为粒细胞聚集。内分泌组织区域细胞大型 ,常规染色极浅 ,包括肾间组织细胞、肾上组织细胞。肾间组织细胞有丰富的线粒体、内质网及分泌颗粒。肾上组织细胞主要分布于后主静脉及其分枝的周围、静脉壁中 ,细胞中有密集的分泌颗粒。肾上组织细胞和肾间组织细胞集中于头肾 ,内分泌功能增强 ,是与其运动能力强、快速捕食相适应的特征。
The methods of anatomy,histology,histo-chemistry and electron microscope were applied to study the morphology of head kidney in the southern catfish,Silurus meridionalis Chen.The two parts of head kidney are separated;and they aren‘t joined with kidney.Head kidney consists of blood vessels and three regions:lymphocyte-aggregate region,granulocyte-aggregate region and endocrine tissue region.Its blood vessels include arteries and veins of head kidney,posterior cardinal veins,and branches of posterior cardinal veins.The cells of lymphocyte-aggregate region assemble and reticulate.There are big lymphocyte,litter lymphocyte,plasma cell,monocyte,melano-macrophage and red cell.They are stained the darkest in three regions of head kidney.The granulocyte-aggregate region is stained half tint.The endocrine tissue region is stained very undertone.There are 2 kinds of cells in the endocrine tissue region:inter-renal tissue cell and super-renal tissue cell (chromaffin cell).The inter-renal tissue cells are abundant in mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum,and a few secretive granules.The super-renal tissue cells distribute around posterior cardinal veins,portal veins and their branches,or in their walls.There are abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and secretive granules in the super-renal tissue cells.Some secretive vesicles have electronic dense granules.The head kidney of the southern catfish is an organ of making blood,immunity and endocrine.It’s super-renal tissues cells and inter-renal tissues cells are concentrate in the head kidney,which can enhance the function of endocrine and adjust the southern catfish to moving quickly and to hunt other fish for food.
基金
三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室基金资助项目 ( 2 0 0 10 1)
重庆市水产科学技术重点实验室基金项目资助 ( 2 0 0 0 0 6)
关键词
南方鲇
头肾
组织学
超微结构
组织化学
Silurus meridionalis Chen
Head kidney
Histology
Histo-chemistry
Inter-renal tissue
Super-renal tissue
Ultrastructure
