摘要
18世纪末19世纪初,美国大学在学习德国时,没有照搬讲座制,而是将它发展成为学系制。究其原因,至少有三个:一是从思想文化来说,美国政治论的高等教育哲学、民主精神以及本土化思潮促使了美国大学学系制的产生;二是从组织制度来看,美国大学董事会制、选修制的实施使得学系制成必然;三是从现实回应来讲,学系制顺应了美国高等教育规模的扩张。讲座制向学系制的演变反映了大学内部管理权力的日渐分化和制度化过程。
At the end of the18 th century and the beginning of the 19 th century,American universities developed the chair system of Germany into the department system rather than simply copying it. There are at least three causes. Firstly,from the perspective of ideology and culture,its political philosophy of higher education,democratic spirit and localization thought promoted the emergence of department system. Secondly,from the organizational system point, the board system and elective system implemented in universities enable the department system come into being inevitably. Thirdly, faced with reality, the department system was a response to the expansion of educational scale. The transformation from chair system to department system reflects that the university internal management is becoming increasingly democratic and institutional.
出处
《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第5期94-98,共5页
Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University
关键词
学系制
讲座制
美国大学
department system
chair system
American university
