摘要
一、历史背景从哲学史来说,经验论的发源地是英国。它的创始人是Locke、Berkeley和Hume。后来法国出现了一种极端形式的经验论,即A.Comte的实证主义。这样,就有人曾经提出这么一个问题:何以逻辑经验论或者逻辑实证论不产生于英国或法国,而产生于素为Kant的先验主义和Fichte、Schelling及Hegel思辨哲学支配的德语国家奥地利呢?这是为什么?具体点说,它的历史背景如何?
This article is the theme speech delivered by Prof. Hong Qian at the Symposium of Analytical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science held by the Chinese University of Hong Kong on Oct. 24, 1988.In the first part of the article the author studies the historical background of the appearance of logical empiricism in Austria. In the section entitled 'Wittgenstein', the author mainly discusses the role of the Tractatus of Wittgenstein in the development of the Vienna school. He gives it a positive assessment, but he doesn't agree with such opinions that the 'Tractatus was its Bible', and 'the philosophy of the Vienna school is precisely the philosophy of Wittgenstein'. In regard to the basis of empiricism, the author makes art in-depth study of the confrontation of the right and the left among the Vienna school, the former represented by Schlick and Waisman, and the latter by Neurath, Hahn, Frank and Carnap. Finally, the author discusses the 60-year history of development and evolution of logical empiricism, with emphasis on the relationship between implication and verification, the implications of several basic concepts and the question whether problems of logical empiricism are those of positivism or realism.
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
CSSCI
北大核心
1989年第1期1-6,79,共7页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
