摘要
目前中国大学存在的一系列弊端,既有种种现实原因,也与中国古代高等教育的传统有关。中国古代高等教育体系诞生于小农经济的土壤之上,依附于大一统的中央集权的君权专制政治体制,形成了从属于政府、集权管理、实用主义等显著特征。近代以来,蔡元培、梁启超等教育家经过不断探索,借鉴西方大学的经验,反思中国高等教育的痼疾,基本确立了中国大学文化的理念。但在二十世纪中叶以后,随着社会环境的变化,中国大学文化以新的形式向中国古代高等教育传统回归。改革开放以来,由于某些特殊的原因,中国大学文化并未发生根本变化,阻碍了我国大学的健康发展。我们有必要深入反思中国高等教育的传统,在大学理念和制度设计上实现彻底变革,实现中国大学文化的现代转型。
Apart from various realistic causes, the tradition of ancient China's higher education is also responsible for the existing drawbacks of China's universities. China's ancient higher education system, arising out of small-scale peasant economy, was attached to a great unified central government of monarchial despotism and thus formed some distinct characteristics like government-orientation, centralized management and pragmatism. Since modern times, educators like Cai Yuanpei and Liang Qichao had gone through persistent explorations, drawn upon the experiences from western universities and reflected on the deep-rooted defects of China's higher education system before a set of ideas pertaining to university culture were formulated preliminarily. However, with drastic changes of social environment since the mid-twentieth century, China's university culture had retraced the route of its traditional mode in a new form. Due to some special causes, there was no fundamental change brought up since the reform and opening up, which has become an impediment to the vigorous development of China's universities. Therefore, it is necessary to contemplate the tradition of China's higher education so as to bring forth a radical reform of the ideas and institutional designs of China's universities and finally realize the modern transformation of China's university culture.
出处
《浙江社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第2期12-23,72+156,共14页
Zhejiang Social Sciences
关键词
大学文化
集权管理
实用主义
转型
university culture
centralized management
pragmatism
transformation
