摘要
客家围龙屋是传统村落的典型样式,整个屋村模拟着太极八卦图——一个宇宙生化图式,象征着生命的发源和繁衍兴旺,其"天人合一"的追求,带来人与环境的和谐。祠堂是男性主导的信仰空间,整个村落围绕祠堂的祖牌形成多个同心圆,祖牌是村落信仰空间的中心,定期进行的仪式模铸了整个村落的向心力,祖灵崇拜成为宗族的精神统合纽带,衍生了宗族组织、族谱、仪式一系列文化手段,维系着一个宗族社会的伦理生活秩序;水口庙以神明为崇拜对象,成为女性主要的信仰中心和精神依托,从另外一个角度维系着现实生活的秩序。两个信仰圈的重合,构成了统合客家传统社会的神圣空间。闲间、宗族组织和熟人社会构成了传统村落社会的凡俗空间,维系着现实生活的秩序。这是一个有伦理信条,有畏惧的,导向道德高尚,维系良好治安的社会。对比现代社区,可以从中得到很多有益的启示。
Lung Wai Hakka traditional village house is a typical pattern,a simulation of the entire housing Tai Chi Figure Eight Diagrams-a biochemical pattern of the universe,symbolizing the origin of life and prosperity of reproduction,the 'harmony between man and nature' of the pursuit,with Bearer in harmony with the environment.The ancestral hall is a male-dominated faith space,the entire village around the ancestral hall of the ancestral form a number of licensing concentric circles,is the ancestral villages in the licensing of space at the center of faith,casting a ceremony conducted on a regular basis throughout the villages of centripetal force,the worship of ancestral spirits to become the clan spirit of the integration Ties,derived from the clan,family tree,the ceremony of a series of cultural means to maintain a clan society of the ethical order of life;outlet to the temple for the worship of deities object,women become the main center of religious and spiritual support,from a different point of view of maintaining the reality The order of life.The coincidence of the two circles of belief,constitute the integration of traditional Hakka community's sacred space.Free,clan organizations and social acquaintances constitute the traditional village community of secular space,maintaining order in real life.This is a code of ethics,there is fear,noble and moral guidance,to maintain law and order in society,Compare the modern communities,we can gain a lot of useful enlightenment.
出处
《吕梁学院学报》
2008年第3期1-6,12,共7页
Journal of Lyuiang University
关键词
客家
村落
文化
启示
Hakka
villages
culture
inspiration
