摘要
黑色素瘤是黑色素细胞发生恶性转化所致的恶性肿瘤,是一种高度侵袭性的癌症,倾向于早期转移,而转移是导致患者死亡的主要原因。黑色素瘤发生侵袭转移涉及复杂的分子机制,这些分子水平的异常改变影响着肿瘤细胞的生长调控、代谢、运动性和逃逸的能力。在这里,我们回顾了黑色素瘤发生侵袭转移时在基因水平、表观遗传和一些生物大分子方面的主要机制,包括一些常见通路(MAPK/ERK,Wnt/β-catenin,PI3K/AKT,JAK-STAT)及伴随基因、大分子的异常改变等。尽管其潜在机制尚未被完全阐明,但作为侵袭转移发生所依赖的重要途径及分子靶点,这些机制的深入研究为阻断或抑制侵袭转移发生的靶向药物的研究与开发提供了重要的理论依据。
Melanoma is a malignant tumor caused by transform of melanocytes.It is a highly aggressive cancer,prone to early metastasis,which is the main cause of death in patients.Melanoma invasion and metastasis involve complex molecular mechanisms,and these abnormal molecular changes affect the growth regulation,metabolism,motility and ability to escape of tumor cells.Here,we reviewed the main mechanisms of the invasion and metastasis of melanoma in terms of gene level,epigenetics and some biological macromolecules,including some common pathways(MAPK/ERK,Wnt/β-catenin,PI3K/AKT,JAK-STAT)and the accompanying abnormal changes of genes and macromolecules.Although their potential mechanisms have not been fully elucidated,as important pathways and molecular targets on which invasion and metastasis occur,the in-depth study of these mechanisms provides an important theoretical basis for the research and development of targeted drugs to block or inhibit the occurrence of invasion and metastasis.
作者
牛宁宁
吴荻
郭桢
Niu Ningning;Wu Di;Guo Zhen(Cancer Center,Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China)
出处
《中华转移性肿瘤杂志》
2020年第2期130-133,共4页
Chinese Journal of Metastatic Cancer
关键词
恶性黑色素瘤
侵袭
转移
分子机制
Malignant melanoma
Invasion
Metastasis
Molecular mechanisms
