摘要
非生物主语他动词句指主语是非生物名词,谓语是他动词或及物动词的句子。通过对比日汉两种语言可发现:日语的非生物主语他动词句严格地遵循了生命度等级排序。主语名词的“自主性”越高时,句子的可接受度越高,反之越低。而由“自主性”低的非生物名词构成的他动词句,句子谓语的及物性一定低。汉语的非生物主语及物动词句也在一定程度上受到生命度等级排序的影响,但在特定语境下能够不受限制。从谓语来看,抽象动词比具象动词出现的频率要高。
Transitive verb sentence of inanimate subject refers to a sentence in which the subject is an abiotic noun and the predicate is a transitive verb.By the comparing Japanese and Chinese,it can be found that the transitive verb sentence of inanimate subject in Japanese strictly follows the ranking of animacy hierarchy.The higher the‘autonomy’of the subject noun,the higher the acceptability of the sentence,and vice versa.Moreover,the transitivity of predicate in transitive verb sentence composed of abiotic noun with low‘autonomy’must be low.Chinese transitive verb sentence of inanimate subjects are also restricted by the ranking of animacy hierarchy,but they can break through the restriction in the specific context.From the perspective of predicate,abstract verbs appear more frequently than concrete verbs.
作者
熊莺
宋梦瑶
Xiong Ying;Song Mengyao
出处
《高等日语教育》
2022年第1期141-151,165,共12页
Advanced Japanese Language Education
基金
国际中文教育研究课题一般项目《中日语言国际推广对比研究》(21YH28C)
北京邮电大学研究生教育教学改革与研究项目《国际合作与学科交叉背景下研究生外语语言能力的培养模式研究》(2021Y011)的阶段性成果
关键词
非生物主语
生命度等级
自主性
及物性
inanimate subject
animacy hierarchy
autonomy
transitivity
