摘要
针对目前芋头机械化收获程度低,主要依靠人工挖掘,劳动强度大,生产效率低的问题,研究一种可实现芋头挖掘、输送和芋土分离功能的芋头收获机。通过对振动挖掘机构、夹持输送机构和芋土分离机构等关键部件进行设计,确定振动机构的振动频率为12 Hz,偏心轴的偏心距为4 mm,明确挖掘铲结构为三面异型结构,铲侧曲面采用仿生设计,确定夹持带安装倾角为40°,夹持带张口角为120°,带间距为25 mm,夹取点高度为120 mm,确定芋土分离机构曲柄半径为60 mm,曲柄转速为180 r/min,筛面安装倾角为0°。同时,利用ADAMS软件对芋土分离机构进行动力学仿真,获得不同工作参数下芋头的运动情况。通过分析,筛面倾角为0°时芋头在筛面上停留的时间最长,曲柄转速为180 r/min时可兼顾芋头抛起高度和碰撞次数,曲柄半径为60 mm时有利于芋头与土壤分离。仿真结果表明,芋土分离机构的参数选择合理。
At present, the degree of mechanical harvest of taro is relatively low, mainly relying on manual excavation. The labor intensity of manual excavation is high and the production efficiency is low. In order to solve these problems and improve the harvesting efficiency of taro machine, this paper has designed a kind of taro harvester, which can realize the function of taro digging, transporting and taro soil separating. By designing the key components such as the vibration excavating mechanism, the clamping and conveying mechanism, and the taro soil separating mechanism, their motion parameters were determined, including the vibration frequency of the vibration mechanism was determined to be 12 Hz and the eccentricity of the eccentric shaft was determined to be 4 mm. It was clear that the excavation shovel structure is a three-sided heteromorphic structure, and the surface of the shovel side is bionic design;it was determined that the installation angle of the clamping belt is 40°, the opening angle of the clamping belt is 120°, the belt spacing is 25 mm, and the height of the gripping point is 120 mm;the crank radius of the taro soil separating mechanism is 60 mm, the crank speed is 180 r/min, and the screen installation angle is 0°. At the same time, the dynamic simulation of taro soil separation mechanism was carried out by using ADAMS software, and the movement of taro under different working parameters was obtained. The analysis showed that the taro stays on the sieve surface for the longest time when the inclination angle of the sieve surface is 0°, the lifting height and collision times of taro can be taken into account when the crank speed is 180 r/min, and the radius of the crank is 60 mm, which is beneficial to the separation of taro and soil. The simulation results showed that the parameters of the separation mechanism were reasonable.
作者
秦战强
刘仁鑫
陈立才
曾一凡
何秀文
Qin Zhanqiang;Liu Renxin;Chen Licai;Zeng Yifan;He Xiuwen(College of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,330045,China;Institute of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang,330200,China)
出处
《中国农机化学报》
北大核心
2020年第1期31-36,共6页
Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization
基金
江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2018—S195)
江西省重点研发计划(20171BBF60019).
关键词
芋头收获机
挖掘铲
振动
夹持
芋土分离
动力学仿真
taro harvester
excavate shovel
vibration
clamping
taro soil separation
dynamics simulation
