摘要
我国机动车三责险案件中大量为未起诉之受害人预留份额的做法,深层次反映出了现行分项模式存在的违背应然立法目标、导致保障失衡、易引发争诉等问题。交强险制度的缘起,在于在人身损害赔偿上为受害人提供及时、均衡的基本保障,而非对损害数额的整体囊括。在未来的改革中,应首先在交强险上取消人身损害赔偿领域赔偿项目间的界限,确定受害人分项模式,并对财产损失和精神损害先行剔除,待人身损害赔偿获得充分保障后再逐渐纳入强制保险的保障范围。基于交强险分项模式对商业三者险的影响,可在人身损害部分先行融合交强险和商业三者险,设置最低投保额度并允许投保人自由增加保险金,以确保交强险效用的最大化。
In a large number of cases about the motor third party liability insurance,the court’s approach of reserving shares for unsued victims deeply reflects the problems of the current item mode,such as violating the legislative objectives,leading to the imbalance of protection and easily leading to disputes.The origin of the motor third party liability insurance lies in providing timely and balanced basic protection for victims on compensation for personal damage,rather than the overall inclusion of the amount of damage.In the future reform,the boundary between compensation items in the field of personal injury compensation should be removed first in the compulsory liability insurance,and the victim category model should be determined.Property loss and spiritual damage should be eliminated first,and then gradually included in the protection scope of compulsory liability insurance after the personal injury compensation is fully protected.In order to maximize the utility of compulsory liability insurance,we can combine the compulsory liability insurance and the commercial liability insurance in the personal injury part,set the minimum insurance amount and allow the applicant to increase the insurance money freely.
出处
《荆楚法学》
2022年第4期110-121,共12页
Jingchu Law Review
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“我国机动车三责险改革问题研究”(项目编号:14AFX019)
华东师范大学2021年度人文社会科学青年预研究项目“数字风险背景下保险法制的现代化研究”(项目编号:2021ECNU-YYJ018)的阶段性成果
关键词
机动车三责险
分项模式
赔付项目
均衡性保障
最低投保额度
Motor Third Party Liability Insurance
Item Mode
Compensation Items
Balance Protection
Minimum Insurance Amount
