摘要
法无规定意味着什么?这并非法官在法无规定时应该如何处理案件的方法论问题,而是要探析“法无规定”本身的道义地位。对此存在两种不同的回答。所谓空洞论的支持者认为,法无规定对人们的行为没有意义,构成了空洞,以至于法官只能采取类比推理或法官造法等创造性的方法来处理案件。非空洞说主张无规定本身是一种规定,将导致自由或无权能等消极的法律地位,以至于各种兜底规则应当被优先适用。由于非空洞论不能证明法无规定意味着对积极法律地位的否定,因此无法在逻辑的意义上得出其所主张的“一般消极原则”。不过,兜底规则并非全无意义,在实在法规则或解释规则的意义上,借助浑厚的价值基础,兜底规则依旧会发挥作用,但仍要注意其中可能出现的逻辑矛盾。
What does the absence of legal norms mean?This question is not a methodological issue of how judges deal with cases when there is no relevant rule the law,but to explore the deontic position of the absence of legal norms.There are two different responses to this.Proponents of the so-called Void Theory argue that the absence of a rule of law makes no sense to people’s behavior and constitutes a void,so that judges have to resort to creative methods such as analogical reasoning or judge making law to deal with the cases.The Non-Void Theory argues the absence of legal norms is a kind of regulation,which will lead to negative legal status such as liberty or non-power,so that all kinds of closure rules should be applied preferentially.Since the Non-Void Theory cannot prove that the absence of legal norms means the negation of the positive legal position,the"general negative principle"advocated by it cannot be obtained in a logical sense.However,the closure rules is not completely nonsense.As positive law rules or interpretation rules,with the help of strong value argument,the closure rules will still play a role,but we should still pay attention to the logical contradictions that may appear in it.
出处
《荆楚法学》
2022年第5期108-120,共13页
Jingchu Law Review
关键词
法无规定
法律规范
规范逻辑
兜底规则
The Absence of Legal Norms
Legal Norms
Deontic Logic
Closure Rules
