摘要
砌块排布是砌体结构构造的关键环节之一,合理的排列组合可以保证砌筑质量,增加立面美观性,降低材料损耗。然而传统人工排砖深化设计工作量大,难以应付大型项目快速深化的需求,导致砌体结构深化设计不全、砌筑不规范、砌块损耗高等问题。尽管目前有学者和相关机构研究了自动排砖的方法,但准确性不高,需要大量人工调整工作。针对以上问题,提出了一套基于解析法的砌体结构自动排砖方法。该方法以砖材料消耗最少为目标,以相关规范为约束条件,将水平及竖向排砖划分到可推导的小范围集合中,然后运用分析总结的公式计算墙的砌体排布方案;最后基于Revit软件开发了基于BIM的自动排砖工具,实现基于BIM自动出图及材料统计,并进行大量试验与示范应用。应用表明,本方法对不同长度的砌体墙均可自动排砖,节省二结构深化时间,符合规范要求,且碎砖数量少,减少材料消耗,经济效益显著。
Masonry units arrangement is one of the key points in the construction of masonry structure.Reasonable arrangement can ensure the constructional quality of masonry structure,increase the appearance of facade and reduce material loss.However,the heavy workload of traditional manual brick arrangement is difficult to meet the demand of quick shop drawing of large projects,which leads to the problems of incomplete shop drawing of masonry structure,non-standard masonry and high loss of masonry blocks.Although some scholars and related institutions have studied the method of automatic brick arrangement,the accuracy is not high,and a lot of manual adjustment is needed.Aiming at the above problems,a set of automatic block arrangement method based on analytical method is put forward.The method takes the minimum consumption of masonry units as the goal,and the related specifications as the constraint condition,divides the horizontal and vertical block arrangement into a small range set which can be deduced,and then calculates the masonry arrangement scheme of the wall by using the analytical and summarized formula.Finally,based on Revit software,a BIM-based automatic block arrangement tool is developed to realize automatic drawing and material statistics based on BIM,and a large number of experiments and demonstration applications are carried out.The application shows that this method can automatically arrange blocks for masonry walls of different lengths,saving time of masonry structure shop drawing,meeting the requirements of the code,with less broken blocks reducing material consumption and showing significant economic benefits.
作者
曹盈
余芳强
谭欣诚
叶聪
仇春华
CAO Ying;YU Fangqiang;TAN Xincheng;YE Cong;QIU Chunhua(Shanghai Construction No.4(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201103,China)
出处
《建筑结构》
北大核心
2023年第S02期2111-2121,共11页
Building Structure
基金
上海市“科技创新行动计划”科技支撑碳达峰碳中和专项(22dz1207102)。
关键词
砌体结构
排砖
解析法
建筑信息模型
Revit二次开发
masonry structure
block arrangement
analytical method
building information modeling
revit secondary development
