摘要
受教育权乃宪法所规定之基本权利,立法与司法均表明,承认和保护该项权利已成社会共识。受教育权的宪法规定,究其本质,意在维护人在教育方面的“人格尊严”价值,故主张运用民事权利,保护受教育权的实质内容。就部门立法而言,受教育权所保护之法益具有公共属性,即国家具有保障公民接受教育之法定义务,然而,受教育权依旧具备成为个人权利之意义,即赋予其维护“人格尊严”之特定价值。《民法典》规定,自然人的“人身自由、人格尊严”受法律保护,并在“一般人格权”兜底条款的基础上,具体规定了“姓名权”与“荣誉权”等“具体人格权”。这与受教育权之立法目的存在一定契合,即皆以维护“人格尊严”为目的。若肯定受教育权的“人格尊严”价值核心,便可运用人格权司法,来实现对个人受教育权的民事保护。
The right to education is the fundamental right stipulated in the Constitution.Both legislation and justice have shown that recognizing and protecting this right had become a social consensus.The constitutional provision on the right to education,in essence,aims to safeguard the value of human“personal dignity”in education,therefore it advocates the use of civil rights to protect the substantive content of the right to education.As far as departmental legislation is concerned,the legal interests protected by the right to education have the public attribute,that is,the state has the legal obligation to guarantee the citizens'right to education.However,the right to education still has the significance of becoming an individual right,that is,endowing it with the specific value of maintaining“personal dignity”.China's Civil Code stipulates that the“personal freedom and personal dignity”of natural persons are protected by law,and on the basis of the“general personality right”,it specifies the“specific personality right to name”and“right to honor”.This is in line with the legislative purpose of the right to education which is the purpose of maintaining“personal dignity”.If the core value of“personal dignity”of the right to education is affirmed,the justice of personality right can be applied to realize the civil protection of individual right to education.
作者
刘冠合
任江
Liu Guanbe;Ren Jiang
出处
《中国教育法制评论》
2023年第2期4-14,共11页
Chinese Educational Law Review
基金
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“姓名权的新兴权益保障功能与制度建设研究”(19FFXB072)
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“人格权重大疑难问题研究”(2020SJZDA091)研究成果
关键词
受教育权
人格尊严
教育义务
具体人格权
right to education
personal dignity
education obligation specific
personality rights
