摘要
煤基硬质沥青为煤加氢直接液化制油产生的固体废弃残渣,不同于传统的煤焦油沥青含有有毒物质,其挥发物多为无毒的半饱和烃类物质,同时具有软化点高、针入度低、延度低的特点,是一种环保清洁、性能优异的沥青改性剂。它在组成上与天然沥青相近,均表现为饱和分、芳香分质量分数低,胶质、沥青质质量分数高。为探讨煤基硬质改性沥青及煤基硬质沥青-SBS复合改性沥青的改性机理,通过荧光显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等微观技术手段对煤基硬质沥青及其改性沥青的分散发育过程、化学官能团变化、微观物理结构等进行了研究。荧光显微镜试验结果揭示了改性沥青融合发育的全过程变化规律,改性沥青由最初的均匀分散相转变为均匀连续相,同时,试验结果也表明研究过程确定的改性沥青生产制备工艺是合理的。红外光谱图谱曲线结果表明基质沥青、煤基硬质沥青、煤基硬质改性沥青、复合改性沥青的特征吸收峰位置基本相同,只是特征吸收峰强度存在差异,说明煤基硬质沥青和SBS改性剂对基质沥青的改性作用以物理改性为主,非化学改性。相比基质沥青和煤基硬质沥青,2种改性沥青的微观结构变得更加致密,煤基硬质沥青和基质沥青的类蜂窝状结构变为改性后的锯齿状结构,生成结构沥青,有助于改性沥青的黏附性能和高温稳定性能的提升。煤基硬质沥青-SBS复合改性沥青表面干涩暗淡,能明显看出SBS改性剂溶胀发育的痕迹,SBS改性剂在发育过程中消耗了基质沥青中的轻质组分,这也有助于改性沥青高温性能的提升。
Coal-based hard asphalt is a solid waste residue produced by direct liquefaction of coal hydrogenation to oil.Unlike the traditional coal tar asphalt containing toxic substances,the volatile substance of coal-based hard asphalt is non-toxic semi-saturated and hydrocarbon substances,which has the characteristics of high softening point,low penetration degree and low extensibility.It is a kind of asphalt modifier for environmental protection,and excellent performance.Its composition is similar to that of natural bitumen,showing low content of saturated content and aromatic content,and high content of gum and asphaltene.In order to investigate the modification mechanism of coal-based hard asphalt and composite modified asphalt,the dispersion development process,chemical functional group change and microphysical structure of coal-based hard bitumen and its modified bitumen were studied by fluorescence microscopy,Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and other microscopic techniques.The results of fluorescence microscopy revealed the whole process change law of the modified asphalt fusion development,the modified asphalt from the initial uniformly dispersed phase to uniform continuous phase,at the same time,the test results also showed that the modified asphalt production and preparation technology determined in the study process is reasonable.The results of infrared spectrum curve show that the position of characteristic absorption peaks of matrix asphalt,coal-based hard asphalt,coal-based hard modified asphalt and composite modified asphalt is basically the same,but the strength of characteristic absorption peaks is different,indicating that the modification of matrix asphalt by coal-based hard asphalt and SBS modifier is mainly physical modification.The microstructure of the two modified bitumen is denser than that of the matrix asphalt and the coal-based hard bitumen.The honeycomb structure of the coal-based hard asphalt and the coal-based hard asphalt are transformed into the modifi
作者
杨耀辉
申全军
丛波日
商红发
魏慧
YANG Yaohui;SHEN Quanjun;CONG Bori;SHANG Hongfa;WEI Hui(Innovation Research Institute of Shandong Hi-Speed Group,Jinan 250014,China;Shandong key Laboratory of Road structure and Materials,Jinan 250102,China;Shandong Transportation Institute,Jinan 250102,China)
出处
《洁净煤技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第S02期135-140,共6页
Clean Coal Technology
基金
山东省交通运输科技计划资助项目(2020B34)
山东高速集团"星青年"计划资助项目(鲁高速人[2022]6号)
关键词
煤基硬质改性沥青
荧光显微镜
傅里叶红外光谱
扫描电子显微镜
改性机理
coal-based hard modified asphalt
fluorescence microscope
fourier infrared spectroscopy
scanning electron microscope
modification mechanism
