摘要
本文欲阐明《吕氏春秋》撰写可能的动机以及其论述内容对战国末期当时的历史、思想角色上之固有意义。本文的论述内容可分成如下三点:(1)概述在前256年周室灭亡后产生的"后周鲁"时代的秦王之动态。(2)《吕氏春秋》的撰写目的是将治理天下人民的统治理论提供给秦王。就《吕氏春秋》作者(们)而言,借由此统治理论的实践,秦王从当今"实际上"(de facto)的"天子"能够提升为真正的天子。(3)关于《吕氏春秋》的内容是否受到《荀子》思想的影响这一点,笔者认为,《荀》《吕》两书的论述内容基本上是独自展开的,只是吕不韦可能继承了荀子的基本问题意识(即如何治理天下人民),并且将这样的论述转换成专为秦主实践的一种"行动计划"(action plan)。总之,《吕氏春秋》所提出的治理天下的理论,对从前240—前230年代的秦廷以"间接支配周边诸侯和天下人民"的模式来与对外诸侯互动的政策应该发挥了某种影响力。
This article aims to demonstrate the significant role of Mr. LYU’s Spring and Autumn Annals(hereafter, LSCQ) in the history and thought of the late Warring State period. This article presents the following three points to delineate their theoretical roles:(1) It summarizes the historical events from the demise of Zhou Dynasty in 256 BCE to the "Post-Zhou-Lu regime" period in which the King of Qin started to behave as the"de facto"Son of Heaven.(2) The LSCQ was written and compiled to provide the King of Qin with the theory for ruling the whole people of the Chinese world. Concretely speaking, by presenting it, its authors and compilers aimed to help him ascending from the place of de fact Son of Heaven up to the authentic one. And(3) as for the issue about whether there was any concrete influence of thought between the Xunzi and LSCQ, the author is inclined to consider that their contents of the argument have developed separately. Nevertheless, there was a possibility that LYU Buwei and the authors of LSCQ were motivated by the advent of Xunzi’s theory for ruling the entire Chinese world, and they might have transformed its argumentative structure into an "action plan" so that the King and the court of Qin might be able to practice it while preserving the same purpose as providing the theory for becoming the world ruler. In sum, the theory presented by LSCQ, which more or less recommended the lord of Qin as the future world ruler to interact with other feudal lords and the people of the Chinese world more indirectly and peacefully, has had a certain kind of influence on the "diplomatic policy" of the Qin court during 240s-230s.
作者
佐藤将之
Masayuki Sato(Department of Philosophy,Taiwan University Taibei 10617,China)
出处
《科学．经济．社会》
2021年第1期118-128,共11页
Science Economy Society
关键词
《吕氏春秋》
《荀子》
吕不韦
秦国
秦王嬴政(秦始皇)
Mr. LYU’s Spring and Autumn Annals
The Xunzi
LYU Buwei
The State of Qin
King Zheng of Qin(The First Emperor)
