摘要
民事主体在民事活动过程中逐渐形成房屋租赁押金的民间交易习惯。在兼顾保障出租人与承租人合法权益的同时,应当更加关注“居者有其屋”的现实需求。然而,现实情况纷繁复杂,尽管《民法典》的出台进一步完善了租赁合同条款,但对于行之有年的房屋租赁押金习惯并没有纳入我国法律予以明确规定,且司法实务中存在房屋租赁押金交付与返还情况多样、房屋租赁押金性质含混不清以及房屋租赁押金功能泛化等情形。因此,有必要对房屋租赁押金规则探源溯流,不仅研究其制度本身之内在要义,而且要借鉴我国台湾地区和德国、美国等大陆法系、英美法系国家的经验,确定合理的押金缴纳标准与担保范围,赋予承租人“以押抵租”的权利,以及物权化承租人押金返还请求权,以期回应我国房屋租赁押金规则之立法与实践之阙如。
The house lease deposit rule is a transaction habit gradually formed by civil entities in the course of civil activities.While protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the lessor and the lessee,more attention should be paid to the realistic demand of"home ownership".However,the reality is complex and complicated.Although the introduction of the Civil Code has further improved the terms of the lease contract,the long-standing house lease deposit habit has not been clearly stipulated in China’s laws.In addition,there are various issues in judicial practice,such as the payment and return of house lease deposits,the nature of house lease deposits is ambiguous,and the function of house lease deposits is generalized.Therefore,it is necessary to trace the origin of the house lease deposit system,not only to study the inner essence of the system itself,but also to learn from the experience of China’s Taiwan region,Germany,the United States and other civil law,common law countries.In order to respond to the lack of legislation and practice of the house lease deposit system in China,we should determine the reasonable deposit payment standard and guarantee scope,give the lessee the right to"pay for rent",and the right to request the return of the deposit from the property-righted lessee.
作者
丁亚琦
邓涵
Ding Yaqi;Deng Han
出处
《民间法》
2021年第4期346-359,共14页
基金
湖南省新文科研究与改革实践项目(新文科视域下高校法治人才培养创新机制研究)
