摘要
人文学科的系统研究往往被称作共时研究。共时研究不是单纯地排斥了时间作用和历时变迁的研究方法。共时研究将研究对象视为一个自组织系统,将民间故事视作一种结构稳定的功能组合、一棵生命树。故事一旦开始其生命进程,就会自己生长、自己愈合、自己开花、自己结果,也会随时空的改变而变异,随生命熵的增加而消亡。系统研究最重要的三个维度是:结构、要素、关系(功能)。其中要素是研究基础,结构是研究平台,关系是研究重点。坚持系统研究法,本质上就是为了排除个体的、历史的、偶然的干扰项,让我们能够把注意力集中在最具普遍性的结构问题和共性问题上。
System study in humanities is often called co-temporal study.Co-temporal study is not a method which merely excludes the effect of time and changes over time,it considers its object as a self-organizing system instead.It views a folk story as a structurally stable combination of function and a tree of life.Once a story starts its own life course,it grows,heals,blossoms and grows fruits.It changes as time and space change,and it will also die as the entropy increases.The three most important dimensions of system study are structure,element and relationship.Element plays the part of basis in the study,while relationship as focus,structure as platform.Essentially speaking,system study eliminates interfering terms brought by individuals,history and accidents,in order to focus on the most universal issues as structure and commonality.
出处
《民俗研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期105-117,158,共14页
Folklore Studies
关键词
共时研究
故事形态学
口头诗学
历时研究
系统论
co-temporal study
morphology of the tale
oral poetics
temporal study
system theory
