摘要
混合电容器由于兼具电池高能量密度和超级电容器高功率密度的优势,成为当前储能领域的研究热点。然而,电池电极和电容电极之间容量和功率的不平衡严重限制了混合电容器的实际性能。因此,如何实现二者的有效匹配,优化器件性能是混合电容器实用化的关键。阵列电极的使用打破传统粉末电极中不导电粘结剂对电化学动力学的限制,其独特的结构为正负极的匹配提供了新策略。此专论结合新型储能器件的研究现状以及本课题组在混合电容器方面的探索,简单探讨了混合电容器的储能机理和阵列结构作为电极材料的优势,着重介绍了本课题组近年来在混合电容器领域的研究工作,针对存在的科学问题提出了相应的解决方案,阐明了阵列电极混合电容器在柔性/可穿戴电子器件等领域的应用前景,并展望了混合电容器在未来的发展方向和挑战。
With the ongoing depletion of fossil fuels,the exploration of sustainable energy resources and advanced energy technologies is necessary and the development of clean and sustainable energy storage devices has become an important topic worldwide.In this regard,rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors(SCs)are currently considered to be promising electrochemical energy storage systems for widespread applications in electronic devices,electric vehicles,and smart-grid energy storage stations.Batteries typically exhibit high energy densities but are limited by their low power density and relatively poor cycling performance.In contrast,SCs exhibit high power density,stable cyclability,and good safety,but the energy densities of SCs are generally inferior to those of batteries,which hinders their widespread application.A reliable approach to addressing this issue is to fabricate hybrid supercapacitors(HSCs)composed of battery-type and capacitive electrodes.This device configuration enables the direct integration of the high energy densities of batteries and high power densities of SCs,making HSCs a promising class of energy storage devices.However,the mismatch of capacity and rate performance between the battery-type and capacitive electrodes hinders the widespread applications of HSCs.A key challenge for the development of high-performance HSCs is to optimize the balance between both electrodes.Recently,tremendous efforts have been focused on the search for suitable electrodes and considerable progress has been achieved.Nevertheless,in traditional electrodes,binders are commonly used to combine individual active materials with conductive additives.Unfortunately,these binders are generally electrochemically inactive and insulating,reducing the overall specific capacity/capacitance and deteriorating the charge/mass transport.Recently,binder-free nanoarray electrodes have provided a promising opportunity for designing effective HSCs owing to the merits of their direct electron transport pathway,short ion diffusion length
作者
刘文燚
栗林坡
桂秋月
邓伯华
李园园
刘金平
Wenyi Liu;Linpo Li;Qiuyue Gui;Bohua Deng;Yuanyuan Li;Jinping Liu(School of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Life Science,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,P.R.China;School of Optical and Electronic Information,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,P.R.China.)
出处
《物理化学学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期20-29,共10页
Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(51672205,51872104)
国家重点研发计划(2016YFA0202602)资助项目.
关键词
混合电容器
阵列电极
能量密度
电极匹配
可穿戴电子器件
Hybrid supercapacitor
Nanoarray electrode
Energy density
Electrode matching
Wearable electronics