摘要
我国的煤炭生产量与消费量都位居各国前列。我国的煤炭工业从上个世纪开始得以发展,在新中国建立后,煤炭工业逐步向现代化、集成化、系统化发展,帮助中国经济在改革开放后得以腾飞。但伴随而来的是环境污染的日趋严重,特别是作为用煤大户的火力发电厂,因长期使用我国价格较低、品质较差的褐煤作为发电原料,导致燃烧过程中大量硫化物脱离进入大气中,造成大气污染。大气环境中的pH值发生变化,又进一步导致了酸雨的发生。燃煤电厂排放出的颗粒物如果不进行处理,将会给我国生态环境带来更大的灾难。通过研究得知,燃煤电厂排出的污染物以颗粒形式漂浮在空气之中,其中硫化物颗粒可以通过在烟道内吸附、转化降低浓度,可凝结颗粒物的降低浓度往往可以达到40%~80%,通过湿法脱硫,可凝结颗粒物逐渐转换为可过滤颗粒物,如果让烟道内的环境一直处于湿润、高温状态,就可以进一步将二氧化硫转化为可以被吸收、凝结、沉降的硫化物,帮助燃煤电厂更好地遏制二氧化硫的排放。通过强化燃煤电厂的设施管理,也可以更进一步确保脱硫设备长期、安全运转。
Coal production and consumption in China are in the forefront around the world.Coal industry in China has developed fast since the last century.After the founding of new China,the coal industry has gradually developed towards modernization,integration and systematization,helping China’s economy take off after reform and opening-up.However,it is accompanied by the increasingly serious environmental pollution,especially the thermal power plant,which is a large coal user.Due to the long¬term use of lignite with low price and poor quality in China as power generation raw materials,a large number of sulfides are separated from the atmosphere during the combustion process,resulting in air pollution.The pH value in the atmospheric environment changes,which further leads to the occurrence of acid rain.If the particulate matter emitted from coal-fired power plants is not transformed correspondingly,it will bring greater disaster to China’s ecological environment.lt can be learned from the research that the pollutants discharged from coal-fired power plants float in the air in the form of particles,in which the concentration of sulfide particles can be reduced by adsorption and conversion in the flue.The reduced concentration of condensable particles can often reach 40%to 80%.Through wet desulfurization,condensable particles can be gradually converted into filterable particles.If the environment in the flue is kept in a wet and high temperature state.lt can further convert sulfur dioxide into sulfide that can be absorbed,condensed and settled,so as to help coal-fired power plants better curb the emission of sulfur dioxide.By strengthening the facility management of coal-fired power plants,we can further ensure the long-term and safe operation of desulfurization equipment.
作者
李小萌
杨小兵
LI Xiaomeng;YANG Xiaobing(China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100810,China;China South-to-North Water Diversion Group New Energy Investment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100071,China)
出处
《武汉大学学报（工学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第S02期223-226,共4页
Engineering Journal of Wuhan University
关键词
燃煤电厂
二氧化硫
硫化物
环境保护
coal fired power plant
sulfur dioxide
sulfide
environmental protection
