摘要
抗日战争时期,中国高等教育遭到日本侵略者的严重破坏。中国高校纷纷转移开展联合办学,其中西南联合大学和华北联合大学是国民党领导和共产党领导下的两个"联合大学"的典型。应当说,民族危亡时期的抗日战争锤炼了中国所有"联大"共有的家国精神,而不同的诞生背景、指导思想赋予了西南联合大学、华北联合大学不同的特质,如崇尚自由与追求民主,培养"经世之才"与"为民干部",主张通才教育抑或平民教育等之间的差异。这些相通的精神与特质差异,影响了后来中国高等教育发展的底色。
During the Anti-Japanese War,Chinese higher education was seriously damaged by the Japanese invasion.Universities in China moved to hinterland and were forced to run schools jointly.Southwest United University and North China United University were two typical"United Universities"under the leadership of the Kuomintang and the Communist party of China.It should be said that during the period of national crisis,the Anti-Japanese War promoted the spirit of state and national spirit shared by all"United Universities"in China.With different backgrounds and guiding principles,the Southwest United University andtheNorth China United University were endowed with different characteristics.For example,one advocating freedom and pursued democracy,the other emphasizing the training of"practical talents"and"cadres for the people";one advocating general education and the other civilian education,and so on.These similar spirits and different characteristics influenced the later development of higher education in China.
出处
《中国人民大学教育学刊》
2019年第4期125-134,共10页
Renmin University of China Education Journal
基金
中国人民大学教育管理科学研究基金一般项目课题“华北联合大学与西南联合大学比较研究”(项目编号:15XN019).
关键词
教育精神
抗日战争
西南联合大学
华北联合大学
Educational Spirit
Anti-Japanese War
Southwest United University
North China United University
