摘要
目的了解2015-2020年寿光市食源性疾病流行病学特征,提高食源性疾病暴发和食品安全隐患的早期识别、预警与防控能力,为科学制定预防控制措施提供理论依据。方法将2015-01-01-2020-12-31寿光市19家哨点医院上报的食源性疾病监测报告且经各级疾控中心审核通过的所有有效数据导出,使用描述性流行病学分析方法计算各项指标,并采用t检验和χ^(2)检验。结果2015-2020年寿光市19家哨点医院累计报告食源性疾病监测病例13296例,年平均发病率为19.97/万,时间变化趋势方面,呈上升趋势,年度变化百分比(APC)=92.88,t=5.04,P<0.01;男性发病率为20.55/万,女性发病率为19.38/万,不同性别人群差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=11.56,P<0.01;监测病例的平均年龄为(45.38±22.06)岁,年龄最小41 d、最大100岁,各年龄组均有病例报告,发病率以0岁组(31.76/万)最高,其次为65~74岁组(30.67/万)和≥75岁组(26.69/万),不同年龄组人群差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=870.86,P<0.01。寿光市食源性疾病的高发期为夏秋季(6-9月),共计报告7056例(53.07%);可疑暴露食品种类以水果类及其制品为主5448例(40.97%)、其次是蔬菜类及其制品2569例(19.32%)和水产动物及其制品1333例(10.03%),其中暴露于水果类及其制品(χ^(2)=41.33,P<0.01)、肉及肉制品(χ^(2)=21.14,P<0.01)等的病例性别间差异有统计学意义;发生场所以家庭为主10768例(90.85%);报告病例临床症状分布以消化系统症状为主13133例(98.77%),出现腹泻症状的10439例(79.49%)。结论根据寿光市食源性疾病流行特征,建议在食源性疾病高发的夏秋季加强饮食安全知识的宣教;同时应注意以家庭为单位的饮食安全。
Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of foodborne diseases in Shouguang City from 2015 to 2020,improve the ability of early identification,early warning and provide a basis for scientific formulation of prevention and control measures.Methods All valid data submitted by 19 sentinel hospitals in Shouguang City to the foodborne disease surveillance reporting system and approved by Centers for disease control and prevention(CDC)were exported.Descriptive epidemiological analysis methods were used to calculate each index,and t test and 2 test were used for examination.Results From 2015 to 2020,a total of 13296 foodborne disease surveillance cases were reported from 19 sentinel hospitals in Shouguang City.The annual average incidence rate was 19.97/10000,which showed an increasing trend in terms of time(APC=92.88,t=5.04,P<0.01).The incidence rate of males was 20.55/10000,and that of females was 19.38/10000,and the difference between different sex groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.562,P<0.01).The average age of monitored cases was(45.38±22.06)years,with the youngest 41 days and the oldest 100 years old.Cases were reported in all age groups,and the incidence was highest in the 0 year old group(31.76/10000),followed by the 65-74 year old group(30.67/10000)and the≥75 year old group(26.69/10000).There were statistically significant differences among different age groups(χ^(2)=870.86,P<0.01).The foodborne disease cases in Shouguang City mainly occurred in summer and autumn(from June to September),and 7056 cases(53.07%)were reported.Fruits and their products amounted 5448 cases(40.97%),followed by vegetables and their products 2569cases(19.32%)and aquatic animals and their products 1333 cases(10.03%).There were statistically significant differences between the different sex in cases of exposure to fruits and their products(χ^(2)=41.33,P<0.01),as well as meat and meat products(χ^(2)=21.14,P<0.01).Household(10768 cases,90.85%)was the main suspicious place.The clinical symptoms of the reported
作者
刘月平
刘玲
李冰
王卫山
LIU Yue-ping;LIU Ling;LI Bing;WANG Wei-shan(Office of Shouguang Shengcheng subdistrict Hospital,Shouguang 262700,China;Department of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control,Shouguang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shouguang 262700,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2022年第21期1205-1209,共5页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
哨点医院
食源性疾病
监测病例
流行特征
sentinel hospital
foodborne diseases
monitored cases
epidemiological characteristics
