摘要
嘉庆、道光两朝向来被视为清代由盛转衰的转折期。对于这一时期社会变迁的性质及其动力机制,以往的主要阐释模式可以概括为三种,即王朝周期的变动、社会形态的发展和传统社会的转型。但是,这三种阐释都存在着认知上的局限,并不能准确描绘嘉道变局的面相。而要超越这些局限,就需要转换研究视角、重塑问题意识。根据"从实践出发的历史社会学"这一视角,重新思考嘉道变局中认定"变"的标准、以整合性思维认识其中"变"的线索、以综合性眼光看待此种"变"的格局,必然有助于确切勘察嘉道变局的具体历史进程,而唯有如此才能在下一步的实证研究中避免落入以往的方法论窠臼。
In Qing history,the Jiaqing and Daoguang period is always regarded as the turning point from prosperity to decline.In terms of the nature and dynamic mechanism of this change,scholars usually hold three types of view,including the dynasty cycle,the development of social patterns,and the transformation of traditional society.Yet all these three models have limitations,and they cannot accurately portray the comprehensive scope of the great change in the Jiaqing and Daoguang period.In an attempt to overcome these limitations,we should change perspectives and reorient problem consciousness.Adopting an approach of historical sociology of practice,we should rethink the standard of"change"in this period,grasp the thread of the"change"with integrated thinking,and identify the overall pattern of the"change"through a holistic view.By doing so,it will help us to stay away from the previous theoretical pitfalls in our future empirical research.
出处
《史学理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期88-99,159,共13页
Historiography Bimonthly
基金
国家社会科学基金专项项目“明清时期中国社会的进步与发展”(项目编号:20@WTH022)的阶段性成果
