摘要
语言能力评估在我国有悠久的历史,根据评估目的可以分为四大类:(1)识言知人,(2)科举择士,(3)语病甄别,(4)语文考试。这四类评估都是以健康成年人的语言能力为标杆。本文涉及老年人特殊人群语言能力评估。我国当前老年人群的语言能力包括两个大类:(1)日常生活构建的母语语言能力,(2)正规教育构建的课程语言能力。第一类是最基本的,普遍的,是本文聚焦讨论的。本文首先回顾我国历代语言能力评估,接着根据科学概念分析法界定语言能力及其评估的本质与定性,阐释老年人语言能力评估的多维视角和综合标准,最后讨论老年人语言能力评估运行与操作的三层架构。
China has witnessed a long tradition of assessing language competence.It falls into four general categories:(1)personality evaluation by assessing language competence historically known as shiyan zhiren(i.e.,interpret words to know the person);(2)bureaucratic selection by imperial examination historically known as keju;(3)language and speech disorder diagnosis;and(4)language course examination.This mainstream assessment system provides a historical backdrop against which issues of how to assess language competence of gerontic population are addressed.The issues discussed include(1)the nature of gerontic language competence;and(2)principles of assessment and its implementation policies.The paper draws a distinction between language competence naturally grown with daily living(i.e.,first language competence)and competence developed through formal education(i.e.,educational language competence).The former is argued to be the primary object of gerontic language assessment,and the traditional personality evaluation via language is no less significant for older people.
出处
《语言学研究》
2024年第1期6-19,共14页
Linguistic Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国老年人语言能力的常模、评估及干预体系研究”(21&ZD294)的阶段性成果
关键词
识言
知人
母语语言能力
课程语言能力
概念分析架构
gerontic language assessment
categories of language assessment
nature of language competence
