摘要
在新公共管理潮流的推动下,日本的公共部门从中曾根政权开始,进行了一系列"从官到民"的改革。其中,具有代表性的以强化公共性为名义的公共部门民营化改革呈现出这样两种特征:首先,改革的真实动力源自政府财政困境,在"官制市场"中引入非营利组织NPO是缓解财政压力这一实质内容的外在形式;其次,NPO组织普遍面临资金不足以及对于政府资金的高度依赖,从而压抑着组织公共性的生长。为走出改革的困境,充分发挥NPO组织的应有功能,由"批判型"市民运动转向"政策提案型"市民运动可能是一条有效路径。即通过进一步培育民间主体,并建构各主体之间的对话机制,使社会力量的公共参与并不仅仅局限于争取和接受政府项目委托,而是延伸至政策提案层面,从而彰显以NPO等社会力量为重要主体的区域治理的公共性。
Under the stimulus of the trend of New Public Management,public sectors of Japan had been carrying out a series of privatized reform starting with Nakasone Yasuhiro＇s administration.The privatized reform of public sectors emphasizing on publicity has the two characteristics： Firstly,the real motivation of reform came from the government＇s financial difficulties;introducing NPOs into bureaucracy system is a measure of relieving financial pressures.Secondly,most NPOs faced shortage of funds and depended highly on government funds,which suppressed the growth of organization＇s publicity.To solve the reform dilemma and play fully the role of NPOs,the change from critic-oriented public campaign into proposal-oriented public campaign is a possible and effective path,that is,through further building up NPOs and setting up a dialogue mechanism among different non-government forces,public participation of social forces shouldn＇t only confine to gaining and accepting government projects but also extend to offering proposals to government in order to show the publicity of regional governance in which non-government forces,like NPOs is an important factor.
出处
《北京行政学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第6期37-41,共5页
Journal of Beijing administration institute
