摘要
在粤港澳大湾区,劳动力密集型企业,如搬家公司等目前正面临着劳动力市场新老交替的历史阶段。新兴的青年劳动力阶层对于工作时间和职业收入的满意度函数与上一代劳动力具有较为显著的偏好差异。本文拟围绕这一背景探索如何让企业在获得高收益的同时保证员工的工作满意度的问题。本文在考虑了收入偏好型员工和舒适偏好型员工不同特点的基础上,结合运筹学方法和效用函数设计,综合考虑员工的加班不满意度和加班容忍度两个方面,定量地评价员工的工作满意度,建立企业雇佣方案模型。在此基础上,本文研究了各种不同的场景下企业任务量、企业雇佣方案、员工满意度与企业收益四个变量之间的关系。通过仿真测试发现,当企业的任务量方差较大时,应提高雇佣方案中舒适偏好型员工所占比例;当企业的任务时间方差较大时,应提高雇佣方案中收入偏好型员工所占比例。本研究对于促进粤港澳大湾区的劳动力就业发展,维护粤港澳大湾区的地区稳定以及吸纳更多的企业和员工具有重要意义。
In Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA),labor-intensive enterprises,such as moving companies,are currently facing the historical stage of the labor market’s transition from the old to the new.The emerging young labor force has significantly different satisfaction functions of working hours and income from the previous generation of the labor force.Based on this background,this paper intends to explore how to make factories obtain high profits while ensuring workers’ job satisfaction at a high level.Considering the different characteristics of income-preferred workers and comfort-preferred workers,we combine operations research and the design of utility function that consists of workers’ overtime dissatisfaction and overtime tolerance,to evaluate workers’ job satisfaction quantitatively and formulate a factory employment model.Then we study the relationship between the task volume,employment plans of the factory,workers’ job satisfaction and factory revenues in different scenarios.Simulation results show that if the factory has a high variance of the task volume,the proportion of comfort-preferred workers in the employment plan should be increased,and if there is a high variance in the time of finishing one task,the proportion of income-preferred workers in the employment plan should be increased.The research in this paper has great significance of advancing labors’ employment,maintaining the regional stability and absorbing more enterprises and talents for GBA.
作者
李涓
李林涛
Li Juan;Li Lintao(School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;Yihe Group,Guangzhou 510080)
出处
《管理评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第10期191-200,共10页
Management Review
关键词
效用函数
工作满意度
企业雇佣方案
企业收益
utility function
job satisfaction
factory employment plans
factory revenues
