摘要
目的调查长江航道工程船舶饮用水卫生状况,评价航道工程船舶饮用水微生物的感染风险。方法以长江中游荆江航道工程河段航道工程船舶饮用水以及沿线水源水为分析对象,按照国家标准检测水中总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌、沙门菌、大肠埃希菌O157∶H7;采用WHO及EPA推荐的微生物定量风险评估法(QMRA)评价长江航道工程船舶饮用水微生物的感染风险。结果长江航道工程船舶饮用水及水源水中的微生物指标分别满足GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》和《GB3838-2002地表水环境质量标准》的要求;长江航道工程船舶采用江水消毒方法制备饮用水时,其大肠埃希菌、沙门菌的消毒效率须分别达到99.99%、99.999 99%,以保障饮用水微生物的感染风险满足EPA规定标准。结论长江航道工程船舶饮用水安全性符合国家饮用水卫生学要求;工程船舶自制饮用水时,加强饮用水消毒效率的监测评价,有利于保证航道工程人员饮用水安全。
Objective To investigate the hygienic status and risk assessment of drinking water on Changjiang waterway engineering ships. Methods The total coliform,thermotolerant coliform,E. coli,Salmonella,and E. coli O157 ∶ H7 in drinking water on engineering ship,and the source water of Jingjiang section of Yangtze river were analyzed based on the national standard. The quantitative microbial risk assessment（ QMRA） method recommended by WHO and EPA was used to evaluate the infection risk of bacteria in drinking-water. Results The bacteriological indicators of drinking-water on engineering ships and the source water met the requirements of the GB5749-2006 Standards for drinking water quality ,and the GB3838-2002 Environmental quality standards for surface water ,respectively. In order to meet the standard of infection risk stipulated by EPA,disinfection efficiency of E. coli and Salmonella should reach 99. 99% and 99. 999 99% respectively for engineering ships to produce safe drinking-water by disinfection of river water. Conclusion The drinking-water quality of Changjiang waterway engineering ships met the requirement of national standard. When self-made drinking water will be used in construction ships,the monitoring and evaluation of the disinfection efficiency of drinking water should be strengthened to ensure the safety of drinking water for waterway engineering workers.
作者
吴中乔
万迎春
胡玲娟
杨顺益
刘燕婕
WU Zhongqiao , WAN Yingehun, HU Lingjuan, YANG Shunyi, LIU Yanjie(Wuhan HSL Technologies, Wuhan, Wuhan 430010, China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2018年第2期15-18,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
交通运输部长江航务管理局科技项目(201510019)
关键词
航道工程船舶
饮用水
微生物监测
风险评价
Waterway engineering ship
Drinking-water
Microbiological monitoring
Risk assessment
