摘要
[目的]研究河北省某市农村生活饮用水微生物污染状况及其影响因素,提出改进措施,以确保农村居民生活饮用水卫生安全和身体健康。[方法]分别于2012年枯水期(3—4月)和丰水期(7—8月),采集某市9县(市)1060份水样,依据GB/T 5750—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》和GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行检测和评价。[结果]水样合格率为65.8%,单项微生物指标中总大肠菌群合格率最低,为72.3%;菌落总数合格率为82.9%;耐热大肠菌群合格率为82.2%。枯水期与丰水期微生物指标合格率间存在统计学差异(χ2=17.25,P<0.01);深井水源与浅井及其他类型供水间差异有统计学意义(χ2=79.42,P<0.01);不同的地域间差异亦存在统计学意义(χ2=29.547,P<0.01)。[结论]该市农村饮用水微生物指标受供水时期、水源类型、地域等多因素影响。农村饮水微生物污染现状应引起有关部门的高度重视,推进深井水源选址,加强丰水期净化消毒处理,以确保居民饮水安全。
[ Objective ] To evaluate the mierobial contamination of drinking water in rural areas of a city in Hebei Province and related risk factors, propose improvements to reduce waterborne diseases, and protect drinking water safety and human health in rural areas. [ Methods ] Water samples （n=1060） were collected from nine counties of a city in the dry season （March- April） and the wet season （July-August） of 2012. Evaluation procedures were following the Standard examination methods for drinMng water （GB/T 5750-2006） and the Drinking water health standards （GB 5749-2006）. [ Results ] The qualification rate of all water samples was 65.8%. The lowest qualification rate of all single microbial indicators was 72.3% for total coliforms. The qualification rates for total bacteria count and heat-resistant coliform bacteria were 82.9% and 82.2% respectively. There were significant differences in the qualification rates of microbial indicators between the dry season and the wet season （x^2=17.25, P〈O.01）, between deep-well water and shallow-well water/other types （X^2=79.42, P〈0.01）, and among different regions （X^2=29.547, P〈0.01）. [ Conclusion ] The microbial indicators of drinking water in rural areas of Shijiazhuang are influenced by a variety of factors such as time of water supply, type of source water, and region. Relevant departments should pay attention to control microbial contamination in drinking water by selecting deep-well water sources and strengthening water purification and disinfection in wet season to ensure drinking water safety.
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第9期723-725,共3页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
关键词
农村
饮用水
微生物
分析
rural area
drinking water
microbial
analysis
