We present several protocols for joint remote state preparation of a single（two）-quadbit state with real （or complex） coefficients via a projective or positive operator-valued measure. In our schemes, three（five...We present several protocols for joint remote state preparation of a single（two）-quadbit state with real （or complex） coefficients via a projective or positive operator-valued measure. In our schemes, three（five）-quadbit non-maximally entangled state（s） have been employed as the quantum channel and several appropriate mutually orthogonal basis are delicately constructed. Finally, the present schemes are extended to the （N ＋ M） senders＇ case.展开更多
Atoms in most organic molecules are often carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,halogens,etc. Based on the three-dimensional structure of a molecule,a molecular structural characterization（MSC） method called improved molecu...Atoms in most organic molecules are often carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,halogens,etc. Based on the three-dimensional structure of a molecule,a molecular structural characterization（MSC） method called improved molecular electronegativity-distance vector（I-MEDV） was developed. It was used to describe the structures of 37 compounds of styrax japonicus sieb flowers. Through multiple linear regression（MLR）,a QSRR model was built up. The correlation coefficient（R1） of the model was 0.980. Then,4 vectors were selected to build another model through the method of stepwise multiple regression（SMR） ,and the correlation coefficient（R2） of the model was 0.975. Moreover,all the two models were evaluated by performing the crossvalidation with the leave-one-out（LOO） procedure and the correlation coefficients（Rcv） were 0.948 and 0.968,respectively. The results show that the I-MEDV could successfully describe the structures of organic compounds. The stability and predictability of the models were good.展开更多
The three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field（3D-Ho VAIF） is used to characterize the molecular structures of 45 nitroaromatic compounds.Two quantitative structure-toxicity relationship（QSAR...The three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field（3D-Ho VAIF） is used to characterize the molecular structures of 45 nitroaromatic compounds.Two quantitative structure-toxicity relationship（QSAR） models are built up by stepwise regression（SMR）,multiple linear regression（MLR） and partial least-squares regression（PLS）.The correlation coefficients（R） of the models are 0.960 and 0.961,respectively.Then the models are evaluated by performing the cross-validation with the leave-one-out（LOO） procedure and the correlation coefficients（RCV） are 0.949 and 0.941,respectively.The results show that the descriptors can successfully describe the structures of organic compounds.The stability and predictability of the model are satisfactory.展开更多
This study explored the effects of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT) and ethoxyquin(EQ) and ethyl ether extracts, ethyl acetate extracts(EAE), acetone extracts, ethanol extracts and aqueous extracts of Ginkgo biloba leave...This study explored the effects of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT) and ethoxyquin(EQ) and ethyl ether extracts, ethyl acetate extracts(EAE), acetone extracts, ethanol extracts and aqueous extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves(EGbs) on lipid oxidation in a linoleic acid emulsion, fish flesh and fish feed and in hydroxyl radical(·OH)-treated carp erythrocytes. The linoleic acid, fish flesh and fish feed were incubated with BHT,EQ and EGbs at 45℃ for 8 d, respectively, except for the control group. The lipid oxidation in the linoleic acid emulsion, fish flesh and fish feed was then measured by the ferric thiocyanate method or thiobarbituric acid method. The carp erythrocytes were treated with BHT, EQ. or EGbs in the presence of40 μmol/L FeSO_4 and 20 μmol/L H_2 O_2 at 37℃ for 6 h,except for the control group. Oxidative stress and apoptosis parameters in carp erythrocytes were then evaluated by the commercial kit. The results showed that BHT, EQ and EGbs inhibited lipid oxidation in the linoleic acid emulsion, fish flesh and fish feed and·OH-induced phosphatidylserine exposure and DNA fragmentation(the biomarkers of apoptosis) in carp erythrocytes. Furthermore, BHT, EQ and EGbs decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),inhibited the oxidation of cellular components and restored the activities of enzymatic antioxidants in·OH-treated carp erythrocytes. Of all examined EGbs, EAE showed the strongest effects. The effects of EAE on lipid oxidation in the linoleic acid emulsion and on superoxide anion and malonaldehyde levels,catalase activity and apoptosis in. OH-treated carp erythrocytes were equivalent to or stronger than those of BHT. Moreover, these results indicated that the inhibition order of EGbs on the generation of ROS and oxidation of cellular components in fish erythrocytes approximately agreed with that for the food and feed materials tested above. And, the antioxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of EGbs were positively correlated with their flavonoid content. Taken together, these results r展开更多
A molecular structural characterization （MSC） method called molecular vertexes correlative index （MVCI） was used to describe the structures of 30 substituted aromatic compounds. Through multiple linear regression ...A molecular structural characterization （MSC） method called molecular vertexes correlative index （MVCI） was used to describe the structures of 30 substituted aromatic compounds. Through multiple linear regression （MLR） and stepwise multiple regression （SMR）, a quantitative structure-toxicity relationship （QSTR） model with 4 variables was obtained. The correlation coefficient （R） of the model was 0.9467. Through partial least-squares regression （PLS）, another QSTR model with 5 principal components was obtained. The correlation coefficient （R） of the model was 0.9518. Both models were evaluated by performing the cross-validation with the leave-one-out （LOO） procedure and the Cross-Validation （CV） correlation coefficients （Rcv） were 0.9208 and 0.9214, respectively. The results suggested good stability and predictability of the models, and the molecular vertexes correlative index could successfully describe the structures of the substituted aromatic compounds.展开更多
The molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDV） was used to describe the molecular structure of volatile components of Rosa banksiae Ait, and QSRR model was built up by use of multiple linear regression （MLR...The molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDV） was used to describe the molecular structure of volatile components of Rosa banksiae Ait, and QSRR model was built up by use of multiple linear regression （MLR）. Furthermore, in virtue of variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique, the QSRR models of 10 and 6 variables and linear retention index （LRI） 10, 7 and 6 varieables were built up by combinating MEDV with the Ultra2 column GC retention time （tR） of 53 volatile components of Rosa Banksiae Air. The multiple correlation coefficients （R） of modeling calculation values of QSRR model were 0.906, 0.906, 0.949, 0.943 and 0.949, respectively. The cross-verification multiple correlation coefficients （RCV） were 0.903, 0.904, 0.867, 0.901 and 0.904, respectively. The results show that the models constructed could provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.展开更多
Iron(Fe)is an important element for the terrestrial and marine ecosystems through its biogeochemical cycling on the Earth’s surface.China has a long rice cultivation history,with extensive rice distribution across ma...Iron(Fe)is an important element for the terrestrial and marine ecosystems through its biogeochemical cycling on the Earth’s surface.China has a long rice cultivation history,with extensive rice distribution across many types of paddy soils.Paddy soils are the largest anthropogenic wetlands on earth with critical roles in ecosystem functions.The periodic artificial submergence and drainage during paddy soil evolution result in significant changes in soil moisture regime and redox conditions from the natural soils,which facilitate the increase of Fe solubility and mobilization.However,there is a lack of systematic assessment on the magnitude of the migration and loss amount of Fe from paddy soils.In order to quantify the Fe loss and assess the dynamic evolution of Fe in the soils after rice cultivation,seven paddy soil chronosequences derived from different landscapes(bog,plain,terrace)and parent materials(acidic,neutral,calcareous)with cultivation history from 0 to 2,000 yr were studied.Results showed that the rates and trajectories of Fe evolution showed distinct patterns among the studied seven paddy soil chronosequences.However,net losses of Fe from 1 m soil depth occurred at all studied paddy soil chronosequences regardless of the original landscapes and parent materials.Fe in the paddy soils derived from the calcareous lacustrine sediments in the bog area showed a slight accumulation during the initial stage(50 yr)of paddy cultivation,with a loss rate of0.026 kg m^(-2)yr^(-1) during the 50-to 500-yr time period.For the paddy soils developed on the calcareous marine sediments in the plain area,Fe evolution was dominated by the internal movement in soil profiles through coupled reducing-eluviation reactions in the surface horizons and oxidation-illuviation in the subsurface horizons within 1,000 yr of paddy cultivation,with an averaged net loss rate of 0.029 kg m^(-2)yr^(-1) during the 1,000-to 2,000-yr time period of rice cultivation.In contrast,Fe in the paddy soils derived from the acidic and neutral paren展开更多
A molecular structural characterization （MSC） method called reduced molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDVR） was used to describe the molecular structures of 55 components of meconopsis integrifolia flo...A molecular structural characterization （MSC） method called reduced molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDVR） was used to describe the molecular structures of 55 components of meconopsis integrifolia flowers. By use of stepwise multiple regression （SMR） and partial least square （PLS） methods, a model with the correlation coefficient （R1） of 0.987 and the standard deviation （SD1） of 1.377 could be obtained. Then through multiple linear regression （MLR）, another model with the correlation coefficient （R2） of 0.989 and standard deviation （SD2） of 1.395 could be constructed. Furthermore, in virtue of variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique （SMR）, 8 vectors were selected to build up another model with its correlation coefficient （R3） and standard deviation （SD3） of 0.989 and 1.366, respectively. Then all the three models were evaluated by performing cross-validation with the leave-one-out （LOO） procedure, and the correlation coefficients （QCV） were 0.981, 0.976 and 0.979, respectively. The results show that the models constructed could provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.展开更多
Copepoda are one of the most significant animal groups present in aquatic ecosystems.Ecologists,evolutionary biologists,and biotechnologists continue to test new methods to study the application of Copepoda as model o...Copepoda are one of the most significant animal groups present in aquatic ecosystems.Ecologists,evolutionary biologists,and biotechnologists continue to test new methods to study the application of Copepoda as model organisms in various fields of pure and applied science,from evolution and ecology to aquaculture as live feed,as biological control of mosquito larvae,as biological indicators of water and sediment quality,in environmental monitoring and as a source of protein in the food industry.This paper reviews the current progress and trends within copepod research from a number of different perspectives.We emphasize the importance of Copepoda and the necessity of strengthening research on various topics related to copepod biology,some of which are of great significance to local sustainable development.展开更多
Bangladesh experiences frequent hydro-climatic disasters such as flooding.These disasters are believed to be associated with land use changes and climate variability.However,identifying the factors that lead to floodi...Bangladesh experiences frequent hydro-climatic disasters such as flooding.These disasters are believed to be associated with land use changes and climate variability.However,identifying the factors that lead to flooding is challenging.This study mapped flood susceptibility in the northeast region of Bangladesh using Bayesian regularization back propagation(BRBP)neural network,classification and regression trees(CART),a statistical model(STM)using the evidence belief function(EBF),and their ensemble models(EMs)for three time periods(2000,2014,and 2017).The accuracy of machine learning algorithms(MLAs),STM,and EMs were assessed by considering the area under the curve—receiver operating characteristic(AUC-ROC).Evaluation of the accuracy levels of the aforementioned algorithms revealed that EM4(BRBP-CART-EBF)outperformed(AUC>90%)standalone and other ensemble models for the three time periods analyzed.Furthermore,this study investigated the relationships among land cover change(LCC),population growth(PG),road density(RD),and relative change of flooding(RCF)areas for the period between 2000 and 2017.The results showed that areas with very high susceptibility to flooding increased by 19.72%between 2000 and 2017,while the PG rate increased by 51.68%over the same period.The Pearson correlation coefficient for RCF and RD was calculated to be 0.496.These findings highlight the significant association between floods and causative factors.The study findings could be valuable to policymakers and resource managers as they can lead to improvements in flood management and reduction in flood damage and risks.展开更多
Circadian clock genes are crucial for generating and sustaining most rhythmic daily functions in the animal kingdom,which entrain the rhythms of biochemical,physiological,and behavioural processes.To better understand...Circadian clock genes are crucial for generating and sustaining most rhythmic daily functions in the animal kingdom,which entrain the rhythms of biochemical,physiological,and behavioural processes.To better understand the molecular oscillations of the circadian rhythms in darkbarbel catfish(Pelteobagrus vachellii),we isolated and characterized two circadian clock genes in P.vachellii,period 1(per1),and period 3(per3).The circadian clock gene per1 was found to encode a 1428-amino acid polypeptide,including PER-ARNT-SIM(PAS)dimerisation domains,a PAS-associated C-terminal motif(PAC),a short mutable domain(S/M),and a nuclear export signal(NES).The 4902-bp per3 cDNA includes an open reading frame encoding a 1292-amino acid residue polypeptide with a PER-ARNT-SIM(PAS)domain,cytoplasmic localisation domain(CLD),interaction site(TIS),and a nuclear localisation signal(NLS).The per1 and per3 gene was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues.Moreover,per1 expression within a light/dark cycles showed rhythmic expression in the diencephalon,brain,liver and intestine,with the acrophase at 15:15,12:52,7:51 and 12:55,respectively.Daily expression of per3 was rhythmic in the diencephalonbrain,liver and intestine,with the acrophase at 8:15,9:54,10:39,and 10:25 h,respectively.These findings expand our understanding of circadian mechanism at the molecular level in this species.展开更多
The study was to explore the effect of the extracts of Angelica sinensis(EAs) on lipid oxidation in fish feeds compared with ethoxyquin(EQ) and the effect of dietary EAs on growth performance of carp(Cyprinus carpio v...The study was to explore the effect of the extracts of Angelica sinensis(EAs) on lipid oxidation in fish feeds compared with ethoxyquin(EQ) and the effect of dietary EAs on growth performance of carp(Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Firstly, fish feeds were respectively added with EQ, and ethyl ether extract ethyl acetate extract(EAE), acetone extract, ethanol extract(EE) and aqueous extract(AQE) of Angelica sinensis, except for the control. The results showed that EAs and EQ inhibited lipid oxidation in fish feed(P < 0.05). Of all of the examined EAs, EAE showed the strongest protective effects against lipid oxidation(P < 0.05). Moreover, EAE at high concentrations showed a stronger effect on lipid oxidation compared with EQ(P < 0.05). Then, 7 experimental diets respectively supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 g/kg of EAE were fed to the respective treatment groups for 30 d. Four replicates were performed for each treatment group; 20 carp(mean weight: 12.10 ± 0.13 g) were in each replicate. The result indicated that dietary EAE improved the growth performance in carp(P < 0.05). The appropriate con centration of EAE for carp growth was estimated to be 3.643 g/kg diet. Thus, EAE could be used as a natural antioxidant in feeds for Jian carp.展开更多
This paper describes the design, synthesis and characterization of a hydrogen-bonded molecular duplex with 1,8-naphthalimide fluorescent pendants. The two oligoamide molecular strands, with complementary hydrogen bond...This paper describes the design, synthesis and characterization of a hydrogen-bonded molecular duplex with 1,8-naphthalimide fluorescent pendants. The two oligoamide molecular strands, with complementary hydrogen bond sequences of DDADAA and AADADD, can form an ultra stable self-assembly duplex. Its molecular structure was confu-med by ^1H NMR and ESI-MS, and its photoluminescence properties were determined. The resulting duplex exhibited a dramatically enhanced photoluminescence （PL） quantum efficiency of 63.7% compared to the corresponding 1,8-naphthalimide segment （32.4%）, suggesting that the formation of the duplex with larger molecular weight could successfully inhibit the quenching of the fluorescent pendant. This novel duplex is a prospective candidate for new electroluminescent emitter.展开更多
An improved method for the large-scale preparation of 4,6-dihydroxyisophthalic acid and 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalic acid has been developed.Compared to the previous procedures,this new process-requires much lower CO2 pr...An improved method for the large-scale preparation of 4,6-dihydroxyisophthalic acid and 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalic acid has been developed.Compared to the previous procedures,this new process-requires much lower CO2 pressure of 0.3 Mpa and shorter reaction time.thus providing a convenient access for large-scale synthesis.The yield is high （93% and 65%,respectively）, and the oxidation of phenol is nearly inhibited,neither decolorization nor further chromatographic purification is required.展开更多
In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of a triarylpyrazoline modified four-H-bonded molecular duplex are described. Its molecular structure has been confirmed by ^1H NMR and ESI-MS. The duplex emits strong...In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of a triarylpyrazoline modified four-H-bonded molecular duplex are described. Its molecular structure has been confirmed by ^1H NMR and ESI-MS. The duplex emits strong pure blue light peaking at 448 and 452 nm under UV photoexcitation in solution and solid state, respectively, and its relative photoluminescence quantum efficiency in solution is determined as 0.778 using quinine sulfate as reference. In concentration of 〉40 mmol/L, the duplex can gelate DMSO, and the organogel formed shows good pure blue photoluminescence too. This novel duplex, for its well-defined structure and efficient photoluminescence property, is a prospective candidate for pure blue electroluminescent emitter.展开更多
The mechanism of early generation stability （EGS） in rice was studied via genetic analysis. Three types of crosses were made, namely between EGS varieties, EGS and conventional rice variety, and conventional rice va...The mechanism of early generation stability （EGS） in rice was studied via genetic analysis. Three types of crosses were made, namely between EGS varieties, EGS and conventional rice variety, and conventional rice varieties. The genetic analysis was based on the stable lines in F2 population. The stable lines may appear from some combinations of EGS rice crossing with each other and EGS rice crossing with conventional varieties at different frequencies, but stable lines didn＇t appear in conventional varieties crossing with conventional varieties. Genetic analysis results indicated that the EGS phenomena should just exist in special rice materials, and the frequency of stable lines was closely related to the EGS traits of parents. The EGS traits were neither qualitative nor quantitative traits, and they were controlled by neither dominant genes nor recessive genes. The EGS traits might be inherited by F1 single plant, and the traits of F3 and F4 were corresponded to those of F2 population, i.e. F3 and F4 lines derived from non-segregating F2 showed uniform agronomic traits, and those from segregating F2.did not. The agronomic traits of EGS lines were consistent with those of F1 single plant. On the other hand, when EGS lines occurred, the segregating lines in Mendelian manner were also observed in all F2 population of the same combination. It was suggested that the reason why the stable strains occurred might be a special factor to control （open/close） gene at the beginning of cell division in zygote, resulting in closing mitosis and opening somatic reduction. The somatic reduction of zygote resulted in recombination and homozygosity forming in F1 single plant, and some lines with uniform agronomic traits were observed in some lines of F2 population.展开更多
Based on the three-dimensional structures of the compounds,the structures of 48 ester compounds were expressed parametrically.Through multiple linear regression and partial least-squares regression,the relationship mo...Based on the three-dimensional structures of the compounds,the structures of 48 ester compounds were expressed parametrically.Through multiple linear regression and partial least-squares regression,the relationship models between ester compound structures and aquatic toxicity log(1/IGC50)were established.The correlation coefficients(R2)of the models were 0.9974 and 0.9940,and the standard deviations(SD)were 0.0469 and 0.0646,respectively.The stability of the models was evaluated by the leave-one-out internal cross-test.The correlation coefficients(RCV2)of the models of interactive tests were 0.9939 and 0.8952,and the standard deviation(SDCV)was 0.0715 and 0.0925,respectively.The external samples were used to test the predictive ability of the models,and the correlation coefficients(Rtest2)of the external predictions were 0.9955 and 0.9955,and the standard deviations(SDtest)were 0.0720 and 0.0716,respectively.The molecular structure descriptors could successfully represent the structural characteristics of the compounds,and the built models had good fitting effects,strong stability and high prediction accuracy.The present study has a good reference value for the study of the structure-toxicity relationship of toxic compounds in the environment.展开更多
The fractional logistic map holds rich dynamics and is adopted to generate chaotic series.A watermark image is then encrypted and inserted into the original images.Since the encryption image takes the fractional order...The fractional logistic map holds rich dynamics and is adopted to generate chaotic series.A watermark image is then encrypted and inserted into the original images.Since the encryption image takes the fractional order within[0,1],it increases the key space and becomes difficult to attack.This study provides a robust watermark method in the protection of the copyright of hardware,images,and other electronic files.展开更多
In this paper,we establish the Hàjek-Rèniy type inequality for Banach space valued martingales generalizing the recent results of Tómcs and L'ibor [1].Then p-uniformly smoothable Banach space is c...In this paper,we establish the Hàjek-Rèniy type inequality for Banach space valued martingales generalizing the recent results of Tómcs and L'ibor [1].Then p-uniformly smoothable Banach space is characterized in terms of the Hàjek-Rèniy type inequality for Banach space valued martingales.Those results generalize the recent results of Gan Shixin [2].展开更多
To study the extraction difficulty of lithium ions from various crystal planes of Li2 TiO3, according to the first principle, four representative crystal surfaces of Li2TiO3（precursor）,（-133）,（-206）,（002） and...To study the extraction difficulty of lithium ions from various crystal planes of Li2 TiO3, according to the first principle, four representative crystal surfaces of Li2TiO3（precursor）,（-133）,（-206）,（002） and（-131）, were selected to establish a model and to calculate the surface energy, bond length and population using Materials Studio 5.5（MS 5.5）. The results demonstrate that there is no direct relationship between the surface energy and the order of disappearance of the four diffraction peaks when lithium titanate is treated with hydrochloric acid, instead, the difficulty of Li~＋ extraction from various crystal faces corresponds to the Li-O bond strength. Lithium ion is easy to remove from（-133） and（-206） due to the relatively weak Li-O bond strength. In contrast, Li＋ extraction requires a longer time for（002） and（-131）.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11071178, the Research Foundation of the Education Department of Sichuan Province under Grant No 12ZBI06.
文摘We present several protocols for joint remote state preparation of a single（two）-quadbit state with real （or complex） coefficients via a projective or positive operator-valued measure. In our schemes, three（five）-quadbit non-maximally entangled state（s） have been employed as the quantum channel and several appropriate mutually orthogonal basis are delicately constructed. Finally, the present schemes are extended to the （N ＋ M） senders＇ case.
基金supported by the Youth Foundation of Education Bureau,Sichuan Province (09ZB036)Technology Bureau,Sichuan Province (2006j13-141)
文摘Atoms in most organic molecules are often carbon,oxygen,nitrogen,sulfur,halogens,etc. Based on the three-dimensional structure of a molecule,a molecular structural characterization（MSC） method called improved molecular electronegativity-distance vector（I-MEDV） was developed. It was used to describe the structures of 37 compounds of styrax japonicus sieb flowers. Through multiple linear regression（MLR）,a QSRR model was built up. The correlation coefficient（R1） of the model was 0.980. Then,4 vectors were selected to build another model through the method of stepwise multiple regression（SMR） ,and the correlation coefficient（R2） of the model was 0.975. Moreover,all the two models were evaluated by performing the crossvalidation with the leave-one-out（LOO） procedure and the correlation coefficients（Rcv） were 0.948 and 0.968,respectively. The results show that the I-MEDV could successfully describe the structures of organic compounds. The stability and predictability of the models were good.
基金supported by the Youth Foundation of Education Bureau,Sichuan Province(13ZB0003)
文摘The three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field（3D-Ho VAIF） is used to characterize the molecular structures of 45 nitroaromatic compounds.Two quantitative structure-toxicity relationship（QSAR） models are built up by stepwise regression（SMR）,multiple linear regression（MLR） and partial least-squares regression（PLS）.The correlation coefficients（R） of the models are 0.960 and 0.961,respectively.Then the models are evaluated by performing the cross-validation with the leave-one-out（LOO） procedure and the correlation coefficients（RCV） are 0.949 and 0.941,respectively.The results show that the descriptors can successfully describe the structures of organic compounds.The stability and predictability of the model are satisfactory.
基金financially supported by the Doctoral Research Fund of Neijiang Normal University(14B07)
文摘This study explored the effects of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT) and ethoxyquin(EQ) and ethyl ether extracts, ethyl acetate extracts(EAE), acetone extracts, ethanol extracts and aqueous extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves(EGbs) on lipid oxidation in a linoleic acid emulsion, fish flesh and fish feed and in hydroxyl radical(·OH)-treated carp erythrocytes. The linoleic acid, fish flesh and fish feed were incubated with BHT,EQ and EGbs at 45℃ for 8 d, respectively, except for the control group. The lipid oxidation in the linoleic acid emulsion, fish flesh and fish feed was then measured by the ferric thiocyanate method or thiobarbituric acid method. The carp erythrocytes were treated with BHT, EQ. or EGbs in the presence of40 μmol/L FeSO_4 and 20 μmol/L H_2 O_2 at 37℃ for 6 h,except for the control group. Oxidative stress and apoptosis parameters in carp erythrocytes were then evaluated by the commercial kit. The results showed that BHT, EQ and EGbs inhibited lipid oxidation in the linoleic acid emulsion, fish flesh and fish feed and·OH-induced phosphatidylserine exposure and DNA fragmentation(the biomarkers of apoptosis) in carp erythrocytes. Furthermore, BHT, EQ and EGbs decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),inhibited the oxidation of cellular components and restored the activities of enzymatic antioxidants in·OH-treated carp erythrocytes. Of all examined EGbs, EAE showed the strongest effects. The effects of EAE on lipid oxidation in the linoleic acid emulsion and on superoxide anion and malonaldehyde levels,catalase activity and apoptosis in. OH-treated carp erythrocytes were equivalent to or stronger than those of BHT. Moreover, these results indicated that the inhibition order of EGbs on the generation of ROS and oxidation of cellular components in fish erythrocytes approximately agreed with that for the food and feed materials tested above. And, the antioxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of EGbs were positively correlated with their flavonoid content. Taken together, these results r
基金supported by the Foundation of Education Bureau,Sichuan Province(09ZB036)
文摘A molecular structural characterization （MSC） method called molecular vertexes correlative index （MVCI） was used to describe the structures of 30 substituted aromatic compounds. Through multiple linear regression （MLR） and stepwise multiple regression （SMR）, a quantitative structure-toxicity relationship （QSTR） model with 4 variables was obtained. The correlation coefficient （R） of the model was 0.9467. Through partial least-squares regression （PLS）, another QSTR model with 5 principal components was obtained. The correlation coefficient （R） of the model was 0.9518. Both models were evaluated by performing the cross-validation with the leave-one-out （LOO） procedure and the Cross-Validation （CV） correlation coefficients （Rcv） were 0.9208 and 0.9214, respectively. The results suggested good stability and predictability of the models, and the molecular vertexes correlative index could successfully describe the structures of the substituted aromatic compounds.
文摘The molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDV） was used to describe the molecular structure of volatile components of Rosa banksiae Ait, and QSRR model was built up by use of multiple linear regression （MLR）. Furthermore, in virtue of variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique, the QSRR models of 10 and 6 variables and linear retention index （LRI） 10, 7 and 6 varieables were built up by combinating MEDV with the Ultra2 column GC retention time （tR） of 53 volatile components of Rosa Banksiae Air. The multiple correlation coefficients （R） of modeling calculation values of QSRR model were 0.906, 0.906, 0.949, 0.943 and 0.949, respectively. The cross-verification multiple correlation coefficients （RCV） were 0.903, 0.904, 0.867, 0.901 and 0.904, respectively. The results show that the models constructed could provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41967001&41401238)State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.Y20160001)Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province(Grant No.Qian Ke He[2017]1209)。
文摘Iron(Fe)is an important element for the terrestrial and marine ecosystems through its biogeochemical cycling on the Earth’s surface.China has a long rice cultivation history,with extensive rice distribution across many types of paddy soils.Paddy soils are the largest anthropogenic wetlands on earth with critical roles in ecosystem functions.The periodic artificial submergence and drainage during paddy soil evolution result in significant changes in soil moisture regime and redox conditions from the natural soils,which facilitate the increase of Fe solubility and mobilization.However,there is a lack of systematic assessment on the magnitude of the migration and loss amount of Fe from paddy soils.In order to quantify the Fe loss and assess the dynamic evolution of Fe in the soils after rice cultivation,seven paddy soil chronosequences derived from different landscapes(bog,plain,terrace)and parent materials(acidic,neutral,calcareous)with cultivation history from 0 to 2,000 yr were studied.Results showed that the rates and trajectories of Fe evolution showed distinct patterns among the studied seven paddy soil chronosequences.However,net losses of Fe from 1 m soil depth occurred at all studied paddy soil chronosequences regardless of the original landscapes and parent materials.Fe in the paddy soils derived from the calcareous lacustrine sediments in the bog area showed a slight accumulation during the initial stage(50 yr)of paddy cultivation,with a loss rate of0.026 kg m^(-2)yr^(-1) during the 50-to 500-yr time period.For the paddy soils developed on the calcareous marine sediments in the plain area,Fe evolution was dominated by the internal movement in soil profiles through coupled reducing-eluviation reactions in the surface horizons and oxidation-illuviation in the subsurface horizons within 1,000 yr of paddy cultivation,with an averaged net loss rate of 0.029 kg m^(-2)yr^(-1) during the 1,000-to 2,000-yr time period of rice cultivation.In contrast,Fe in the paddy soils derived from the acidic and neutral paren
基金supported by the Foundation of Education Bureau, Sichuan Province (09ZB036)Technology Bureau, Sichuan Province (2006j13-141)
文摘A molecular structural characterization （MSC） method called reduced molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDVR） was used to describe the molecular structures of 55 components of meconopsis integrifolia flowers. By use of stepwise multiple regression （SMR） and partial least square （PLS） methods, a model with the correlation coefficient （R1） of 0.987 and the standard deviation （SD1） of 1.377 could be obtained. Then through multiple linear regression （MLR）, another model with the correlation coefficient （R2） of 0.989 and standard deviation （SD2） of 1.395 could be constructed. Furthermore, in virtue of variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique （SMR）, 8 vectors were selected to build up another model with its correlation coefficient （R3） and standard deviation （SD3） of 0.989 and 1.366, respectively. Then all the three models were evaluated by performing cross-validation with the leave-one-out （LOO） procedure, and the correlation coefficients （QCV） were 0.981, 0.976 and 0.979, respectively. The results show that the models constructed could provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.
基金Supported by the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Fish Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River of Sichuan Province(No.NJSYKF-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41961144013,41706191)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,MNR(No.JT1803)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY20D060004)the Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Sichuan Province(No.18ZA0283)。
文摘Copepoda are one of the most significant animal groups present in aquatic ecosystems.Ecologists,evolutionary biologists,and biotechnologists continue to test new methods to study the application of Copepoda as model organisms in various fields of pure and applied science,from evolution and ecology to aquaculture as live feed,as biological control of mosquito larvae,as biological indicators of water and sediment quality,in environmental monitoring and as a source of protein in the food industry.This paper reviews the current progress and trends within copepod research from a number of different perspectives.We emphasize the importance of Copepoda and the necessity of strengthening research on various topics related to copepod biology,some of which are of great significance to local sustainable development.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41861134008)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)of China(Grant No.2019QZKK0902)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No.2018YFC1505202)the Key R&D Projects of Sichuan Science and Technology(Grant No.18ZDYF0329).
文摘Bangladesh experiences frequent hydro-climatic disasters such as flooding.These disasters are believed to be associated with land use changes and climate variability.However,identifying the factors that lead to flooding is challenging.This study mapped flood susceptibility in the northeast region of Bangladesh using Bayesian regularization back propagation(BRBP)neural network,classification and regression trees(CART),a statistical model(STM)using the evidence belief function(EBF),and their ensemble models(EMs)for three time periods(2000,2014,and 2017).The accuracy of machine learning algorithms(MLAs),STM,and EMs were assessed by considering the area under the curve—receiver operating characteristic(AUC-ROC).Evaluation of the accuracy levels of the aforementioned algorithms revealed that EM4(BRBP-CART-EBF)outperformed(AUC>90%)standalone and other ensemble models for the three time periods analyzed.Furthermore,this study investigated the relationships among land cover change(LCC),population growth(PG),road density(RD),and relative change of flooding(RCF)areas for the period between 2000 and 2017.The results showed that areas with very high susceptibility to flooding increased by 19.72%between 2000 and 2017,while the PG rate increased by 51.68%over the same period.The Pearson correlation coefficient for RCF and RD was calculated to be 0.496.These findings highlight the significant association between floods and causative factors.The study findings could be valuable to policymakers and resource managers as they can lead to improvements in flood management and reduction in flood damage and risks.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31402305)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2017JY0161,2018NZ0119)。
文摘Circadian clock genes are crucial for generating and sustaining most rhythmic daily functions in the animal kingdom,which entrain the rhythms of biochemical,physiological,and behavioural processes.To better understand the molecular oscillations of the circadian rhythms in darkbarbel catfish(Pelteobagrus vachellii),we isolated and characterized two circadian clock genes in P.vachellii,period 1(per1),and period 3(per3).The circadian clock gene per1 was found to encode a 1428-amino acid polypeptide,including PER-ARNT-SIM(PAS)dimerisation domains,a PAS-associated C-terminal motif(PAC),a short mutable domain(S/M),and a nuclear export signal(NES).The 4902-bp per3 cDNA includes an open reading frame encoding a 1292-amino acid residue polypeptide with a PER-ARNT-SIM(PAS)domain,cytoplasmic localisation domain(CLD),interaction site(TIS),and a nuclear localisation signal(NLS).The per1 and per3 gene was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues.Moreover,per1 expression within a light/dark cycles showed rhythmic expression in the diencephalon,brain,liver and intestine,with the acrophase at 15:15,12:52,7:51 and 12:55,respectively.Daily expression of per3 was rhythmic in the diencephalonbrain,liver and intestine,with the acrophase at 8:15,9:54,10:39,and 10:25 h,respectively.These findings expand our understanding of circadian mechanism at the molecular level in this species.
基金financially supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department (16ZB0302)Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2018JY0214)+1 种基金the Doctoral Research Fund of Neijiang Normal University (14B07)the 2016 Undergraduate Scientific Research Project of Neijiang Normal University (16NSD-50)
文摘The study was to explore the effect of the extracts of Angelica sinensis(EAs) on lipid oxidation in fish feeds compared with ethoxyquin(EQ) and the effect of dietary EAs on growth performance of carp(Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Firstly, fish feeds were respectively added with EQ, and ethyl ether extract ethyl acetate extract(EAE), acetone extract, ethanol extract(EE) and aqueous extract(AQE) of Angelica sinensis, except for the control. The results showed that EAs and EQ inhibited lipid oxidation in fish feed(P < 0.05). Of all of the examined EAs, EAE showed the strongest protective effects against lipid oxidation(P < 0.05). Moreover, EAE at high concentrations showed a stronger effect on lipid oxidation compared with EQ(P < 0.05). Then, 7 experimental diets respectively supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 g/kg of EAE were fed to the respective treatment groups for 30 d. Four replicates were performed for each treatment group; 20 carp(mean weight: 12.10 ± 0.13 g) were in each replicate. The result indicated that dietary EAE improved the growth performance in carp(P < 0.05). The appropriate con centration of EAE for carp growth was estimated to be 3.643 g/kg diet. Thus, EAE could be used as a natural antioxidant in feeds for Jian carp.
基金This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20102004).
文摘This paper describes the design, synthesis and characterization of a hydrogen-bonded molecular duplex with 1,8-naphthalimide fluorescent pendants. The two oligoamide molecular strands, with complementary hydrogen bond sequences of DDADAA and AADADD, can form an ultra stable self-assembly duplex. Its molecular structure was confu-med by ^1H NMR and ESI-MS, and its photoluminescence properties were determined. The resulting duplex exhibited a dramatically enhanced photoluminescence （PL） quantum efficiency of 63.7% compared to the corresponding 1,8-naphthalimide segment （32.4%）, suggesting that the formation of the duplex with larger molecular weight could successfully inhibit the quenching of the fluorescent pendant. This novel duplex is a prospective candidate for new electroluminescent emitter.
基金We want to express our thanks to the National Natural Science Foundation of China for financial support.(Grant No.20102004)
文摘An improved method for the large-scale preparation of 4,6-dihydroxyisophthalic acid and 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalic acid has been developed.Compared to the previous procedures,this new process-requires much lower CO2 pressure of 0.3 Mpa and shorter reaction time.thus providing a convenient access for large-scale synthesis.The yield is high （93% and 65%,respectively）, and the oxidation of phenol is nearly inhibited,neither decolorization nor further chromatographic purification is required.
基金supported by the Foundation of Science and Technology Bureau,Sichuan Province(No. 2006j13-141)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20672076).
文摘In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of a triarylpyrazoline modified four-H-bonded molecular duplex are described. Its molecular structure has been confirmed by ^1H NMR and ESI-MS. The duplex emits strong pure blue light peaking at 448 and 452 nm under UV photoexcitation in solution and solid state, respectively, and its relative photoluminescence quantum efficiency in solution is determined as 0.778 using quinine sulfate as reference. In concentration of 〉40 mmol/L, the duplex can gelate DMSO, and the organogel formed shows good pure blue photoluminescence too. This novel duplex, for its well-defined structure and efficient photoluminescence property, is a prospective candidate for pure blue electroluminescent emitter.
基金China Natural Science Foundation(30001037) Youth Foundation of Sichuan Province,China.
文摘The mechanism of early generation stability （EGS） in rice was studied via genetic analysis. Three types of crosses were made, namely between EGS varieties, EGS and conventional rice variety, and conventional rice varieties. The genetic analysis was based on the stable lines in F2 population. The stable lines may appear from some combinations of EGS rice crossing with each other and EGS rice crossing with conventional varieties at different frequencies, but stable lines didn＇t appear in conventional varieties crossing with conventional varieties. Genetic analysis results indicated that the EGS phenomena should just exist in special rice materials, and the frequency of stable lines was closely related to the EGS traits of parents. The EGS traits were neither qualitative nor quantitative traits, and they were controlled by neither dominant genes nor recessive genes. The EGS traits might be inherited by F1 single plant, and the traits of F3 and F4 were corresponded to those of F2 population, i.e. F3 and F4 lines derived from non-segregating F2 showed uniform agronomic traits, and those from segregating F2.did not. The agronomic traits of EGS lines were consistent with those of F1 single plant. On the other hand, when EGS lines occurred, the segregating lines in Mendelian manner were also observed in all F2 population of the same combination. It was suggested that the reason why the stable strains occurred might be a special factor to control （open/close） gene at the beginning of cell division in zygote, resulting in closing mitosis and opening somatic reduction. The somatic reduction of zygote resulted in recombination and homozygosity forming in F1 single plant, and some lines with uniform agronomic traits were observed in some lines of F2 population.
基金the Youth Foundation of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education(18ZB0323)。
文摘Based on the three-dimensional structures of the compounds,the structures of 48 ester compounds were expressed parametrically.Through multiple linear regression and partial least-squares regression,the relationship models between ester compound structures and aquatic toxicity log(1/IGC50)were established.The correlation coefficients(R2)of the models were 0.9974 and 0.9940,and the standard deviations(SD)were 0.0469 and 0.0646,respectively.The stability of the models was evaluated by the leave-one-out internal cross-test.The correlation coefficients(RCV2)of the models of interactive tests were 0.9939 and 0.8952,and the standard deviation(SDCV)was 0.0715 and 0.0925,respectively.The external samples were used to test the predictive ability of the models,and the correlation coefficients(Rtest2)of the external predictions were 0.9955 and 0.9955,and the standard deviations(SDtest)were 0.0720 and 0.0716,respectively.The molecular structure descriptors could successfully represent the structural characteristics of the compounds,and the built models had good fitting effects,strong stability and high prediction accuracy.The present study has a good reference value for the study of the structure-toxicity relationship of toxic compounds in the environment.
基金Project supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Support Program,China(No.2018JY0120)。
文摘The fractional logistic map holds rich dynamics and is adopted to generate chaotic series.A watermark image is then encrypted and inserted into the original images.Since the encryption image takes the fractional order within[0,1],it increases the key space and becomes difficult to attack.This study provides a robust watermark method in the protection of the copyright of hardware,images,and other electronic files.
基金Supported by the Youth Foundation of the Department of Education of Sichuan Province（07ZB042） Supported by Natural Science Foundation of the Department of Education of Sichuan Province（09ZC071）
文摘In this paper,we establish the Hàjek-Rèniy type inequality for Banach space valued martingales generalizing the recent results of Tómcs and L'ibor [1].Then p-uniformly smoothable Banach space is characterized in terms of the Hàjek-Rèniy type inequality for Banach space valued martingales.Those results generalize the recent results of Gan Shixin [2].
基金Funded partly by the Key Project of Natural Science of Sichuan Provincial Education Department(No.16ZA0309)the Doctoral Research Start-up Funding(No.15B16)
文摘To study the extraction difficulty of lithium ions from various crystal planes of Li2 TiO3, according to the first principle, four representative crystal surfaces of Li2TiO3（precursor）,（-133）,（-206）,（002） and（-131）, were selected to establish a model and to calculate the surface energy, bond length and population using Materials Studio 5.5（MS 5.5）. The results demonstrate that there is no direct relationship between the surface energy and the order of disappearance of the four diffraction peaks when lithium titanate is treated with hydrochloric acid, instead, the difficulty of Li~＋ extraction from various crystal faces corresponds to the Li-O bond strength. Lithium ion is easy to remove from（-133） and（-206） due to the relatively weak Li-O bond strength. In contrast, Li＋ extraction requires a longer time for（002） and（-131）.
