Aim: To study the effect of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and the role of actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on testicular gubernaculum development in fetal male Kunming mice. Methods:...Aim: To study the effect of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and the role of actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on testicular gubernaculum development in fetal male Kunming mice. Methods: Pregnant mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups and injected with DES subcutaneously from gestational day 9 (E9) to day 17 (E17) at doses of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μg·kg-1·d-1 in 0.2 mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). On E17 they were sacrificed and fetuses quickly removed for fixation. Male fetuses were sliced on serial coronal plane. Histologi-cal changes were observed under the light microscope (LM) and ultrastructural changes with the scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM & TEM). The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was quantitated by immunohistochemistry. Results: The mortality of the fetuses was higher in the DES-treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Under LM the gubernacula were seen to be poorly developed with smaller bulbs. On SEM the bulbs lose the clear demarcation between the mesenchymal inner core and the muscular outer layer and looked like a small cone instead of the normal cylindrical appearance. On TEM there were some smaller disordered myofibrils and sparse cytoplasmic organelles in the gubernacular muscular cells of the treated groups. The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was significantly weaker in the treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: DES induces underdevelopment of the gubernacula in a dose-dependent manner in fetal male mice and down regulates the actin and PCNA expression.展开更多
Background Velvet antler polypeptides (VAPs), which are derived from the antler velvets, have been reported to maintain survival and promote growth and differentiation of neural cells and, especially the development ...Background Velvet antler polypeptides (VAPs), which are derived from the antler velvets, have been reported to maintain survival and promote growth and differentiation of neural cells and, especially the development of neural tissues This study was designed to explore the influence of VAPs on neural stem cells in vitro derived from embryonic rat brain Methods Neural stem cells derived from E12 14 rat brain were isolated, cultured, and expanded for 7 days until neural stem cell aggregations and neurospheres were generated The neurospheres were cultured under the condition of different concentration of VAPs followed by immunocytochemistry to detect the differentiation of neural stem cells Results VAPs could remarkablely promote differentiation of neural stem cells and most neural stem cells were induced to differentiate towards the direction of neurons under certain concentration of VAPs Conclusion Neural stem cells can be successfully induced into neurons by VAPs in vitro , which could provide a basis for regeneration of the nervous system展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvascular density (MVD) count in pediatric malignant liver tumor and their clinical significances. METHODS: Fourteen children wit...AIM: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvascular density (MVD) count in pediatric malignant liver tumor and their clinical significances. METHODS: Fourteen children with malignant liver tumors including seven hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), five hepatoblastomas, one malignant mesenchymoma and one rhabdomyosarcoma were studied. Twelve adult HCC samples served as control group. All samples were examined with streptavidin-biotin peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemical staining for VEGF expression and MVD count. RESULTS: VEGF positive expression in all pediatric malignant liver tumors was significantly higher than that in adult HCC (0.4971±0.14 vs0.4027±0.03, P<0.05). VEGF expression in pediatric HCC group was also markedly higher than that in adult HCC group (0.5665±0.10 vs0.4027±0.03, P<0.01) and pediatric non-HCC group (0.5665±0.10 vs 0.4276±0.15, P<0.05). The mean value of MVD in pediatric malignant liver tumors was significantly higher than that in adult HCC (33.66±12.24 vs 26.52±4.38, P<0.05). Furthermore, MVD in pediatric HCC group was significantly higher compared to that in adult HCC group (36.94±9.28 vs 26.52±4.38, P<0.05), but there was no significant difference compared to the pediatric non-HCC group (36.94±9.28 vs 30.37±14.61, P>0.05). All 7 children in HCC group died within 2 years, whereas the prognosis in pediatric non-HCC group was better, in which two patients survived more than 5 years. CONCLUSION: Children with malignant liver tumors, especially with HCC, may have extensive angiogenesis that induces a rapid tumor growth and leads to a poor prognosis.展开更多
AIM: To investigate whether TL-10-transduced dendritic cells (DCs) could induce tolerogenicity and prolong allograft survival in rat intestinal transplantation.METHODS: Spleen-derived DCs were prepared and genetically...AIM: To investigate whether TL-10-transduced dendritic cells (DCs) could induce tolerogenicity and prolong allograft survival in rat intestinal transplantation.METHODS: Spleen-derived DCs were prepared and genetically modified by hTL-10 gene. The level of IL-10 expression was quantitated by ELTSA. DC function was assessed by MTT in mixed leukocyte reaction. Allogeneic T-cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometric analysis. Seven days before heterotopic intestinal transplantation, 2x106 donor-derived IL-10-DC were injected intravenously, then transplantation was performed between SD donor and Wistar recipient.RESULTS: Compared with untransduced DC, IL-10-DC could suppress allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR). The inhibitory effect was the most striking with the stimulator/effector (S/F) ratio of 1:10. The inhibition rate was 33.25 %,41.19 % (P<0.01) and 22.92 % with the S/E ratio of 1:1,1:10 and 1:50 respectively. At 48 hours and 72 hours by flow cytometry counting, apoptotic T cells responded to IL-10-DC in MLR were 13.8 % and 30.1%, while untransduced group did not undergo significant apoptosis (P<0.05). IL-10-DC pretreated recipients had a moderate survival prolongation with a mean allograft survival of 19.8 days (P<0.01),compared with 7.3±2.4 days in control group and 8.3±2.9days in untransduced DC group. Rejection occurred in the control group within three days. The difference between untreated DC group and control group was not significant.CONCLUSION: IL-10-DC can induce allogenic T-cell hyporesponsiveness in vitro and apoptosis may be involved in it. IL-10-DC pretreatment can prolong intestinal allograft survival in the recipient.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the mutation of EDNRB gene and EDN3 gene in sporadic Hirschsprung's disease (HD) in Chinese population.METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from bowel tissues of 34 unrelated HD patients which we...AIM: To investigate the mutation of EDNRB gene and EDN3 gene in sporadic Hirschsprung's disease (HD) in Chinese population.METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from bowel tissues of 34 unrelated HD patients which were removed by surgery.Exon 3, 4, 6 of EDNRB gene and Exon 1, 2 of EDN-3 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP).RESULTS: EDNRB mutations were detected in 2 of the 13short-segment HD. One mutant was in the exon 3, the other was in the exon 6. EDN-3 mutation was detected in one of the 13 short-segment HD and in the exon 2. Both EDNRB and EDN-3 mutations were detected in one short-segment HD. No mutations were detected in the ordinary or longsegment HD.CONCLUSION: The mutations of EDNRB gene and EDN-3 gene are found in the short-segment HD of sporadic Hirschsprung's disease in Chinese population, which suggests that the EDNRB gene and EDN-3 gene play important roles in the pathogenesis of HD.展开更多
AIM: Small intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) has been demonstrated to result in both local mucosal injury and systemic injuries. The exact role of nitric oxide (NO) in intestinal IR is unclear. We propose that NO a...AIM: Small intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) has been demonstrated to result in both local mucosal injury and systemic injuries. The exact role of nitric oxide (NO) in intestinal IR is unclear. We propose that NO and some other cytokines change in the reperfusion period and these changes are associated with lung injury. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing NO substrate, L-arginine (L-arg), on serum and pulmonary cytokine production during small intestinal IR in immature rats. METHODS: Immature rats underwent 60 min. of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 90 min of reperfusion. L-arg (250 mg/kg) was given intravenously to the experimental group (IR+L-arg) which received L-arg after 45 min of intestinal ischemia. Serum and lung endothelin-1 (ET-1), NO, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFα) were measured. Sham operation (SHAM) and intestinal IR (IR) groups were performed as control. The lavage fluid of the lung was collected by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and white blood cells and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) were immediately counted to identify lung damage. RESULTS: When L-arg was given during small intestinal IR, serum NO concentration increased significantly in IR+L-arg group (162.17±42.93 μmol/L) when compared with IR group (87.57±23.17 μmol/L, t=3.190, P= 0.008 <0.01). Serum MDA reduced significantly in IR+L-arg group (8.93±1.50 nmol/L) when compared with SHAM (23.78±7.81 nmol/L, t= 3.243, P= 0.007<0.01) and IR (25.54±9.32 nmol/L, t= 3.421, P= 0.006<0.01). ET-1 level in lung tissues was significantly lower in IR+L-arg group (13.81±7.84 pg/mL) than that in SHAM (35.52±10.82 pg/mL, t= 2,571, P= 0,03<0.05) and IR (50.83±22.05 pg/mL, t= 3.025, P= 0.009<0.01) groups. MDA contents in lung tissues were significantly lower in IR+L-arg group (10.73±1.99 nmol/L) than in SHAM (16.62±2.28 nmol/L, t= 3.280, P = 0.007<0.01) and IR (21.90±4.82 nmol/L, t= 3.322, P= 0.007<0.01) groups. Serum and lung TNFα concentrations were not significantly di展开更多
AIM: To study the long-term therapeutic effect of 'heartshaped' anastomosis for Hirschsprung's disease.METHODS: From January 1986 to October 1997, we performed one-stage 'heart-shaped' anastomosis ...AIM: To study the long-term therapeutic effect of 'heartshaped' anastomosis for Hirschsprung's disease.METHODS: From January 1986 to October 1997, we performed one-stage 'heart-shaped' anastomosis for 193 patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD). One hundred and fiftytwo patients were followed up patients (follow-up rate 79%).The operative outcome and postoperative complications were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS: Early complications included urine retention in 2patients, enteritis in 10, anastomotic stricture in 1, and intestinal obstruction in 2. No infection of abdominal cavity or wound and anastomotic leakage or death occurred in any patients. Late complications were present in 22 cases,including adhesive intestinal obstruction in 2, longer anal in 5, incision hernia in 2, enteritis in 6, occasional stool stains in 7 and 6 related with improper diet. No constipation or incontinence occurred in any patient.CONCLUSION: The early and late postoperative complication rates were 7.8% and 11.4% respectively in our 'heartshaped anastomosis' procedure. 'Heart-shaped'anastomosis procedure for Hirschsprung's disease provides a better therapeutic effect compared to classic procedures.展开更多
Background Manometric pressure asymmetry of the anal sphincter exists in the anal canal. There are reports about the anatomy of the anal sphincter, but the relationship between the configuration and the pressure asymm...Background Manometric pressure asymmetry of the anal sphincter exists in the anal canal. There are reports about the anatomy of the anal sphincter, but the relationship between the configuration and the pressure asymmetry of the anal sphincter is not clear. This study is to investigate the anatomic evidence and clinical application of anal sphincter pressure asymmetry. Methods PC polygram HR at the state of relaxing and squeezing was used in 27 normal children and 12 abnormal ones with fecal incontinence. Results In normal children, longitudinal pressure gradients existed at eight channels in the anal canal, and the maximal pressure I cm from the anal verge. Longitudinal pressure asymmetry changes of eight channels also existed in the anal canal, from 3 cm to 2 cm to I cm from the anal verge. The high pressure distribution changed from the posterior to the anterior anal canal. Anteriorly, 1 cm from the anal verge, the maximal pressure was formed in the anal canal. However, neither longitudinal pressure gradients nor longitudinal pressure asymmetry changes were seen in patients with fecal incontinence. Conclusion The configuration and function of the striated muscle complex possibly contribute to the formation of the pressure asymmetry of the anal sphincter, which is essential to anal control.展开更多
Background Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in children. Some hemangiomas may require intervention because of their location, size, behavior, or potential for important complications. Pharmacological therapy wit...Background Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in children. Some hemangiomas may require intervention because of their location, size, behavior, or potential for important complications. Pharmacological therapy with glucocorticoids is the mainstay treatment, but there is no consensus on therapeutic regimens or candidate selection, therapeutic efficacy vaires, and the mechanism mediating the beneficial effects of glucocorticoids remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate the expression patterns of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its α isoform (GRα) in cutaneous hemangiomas and vascular malformations.Methods SP immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of GR(e-20) (GR) and GR (p-20) (GRα) on vascular endothelial cells in 80 specimens that included 33 proliferating hemangiomas, 32 involuting hemangiomas, 7 vascular malformations as well as 8 normal skin tissues, all obtained from infants and children. GR and GRα expression in prepared tissue slides were examined using automated computer-assisted microscopic analysis. Mean gray scale values were compared among the various tumor types.Results The mean gray scale values of GR were 127.0±6.4 and 121.4±6.6 in hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively, but this difference was not statistically significant ( P =0.104). However, these values were all markedly higher than that of normal skin, which was only 108.6±6.8 ( P =0.001 and P =0.000 for comparison with hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively). The gray scale of GR in proliferation and involuting hemangiomas were 127.9±4.8 and 126.0±5.8 respectively, but this difference was not significant ( P =0.146). However, GRα expression in hemangiomas, vascular malformations and normal skin declined gradually in stepwise fashion (127.3±5.4, 120.4±6.1 and 109.9±5.3 respectively; P <0.001). GRα expression was higher in proliferating hemangiomas than in involuting hemangiomas (127.2±6.3 and 122.5±6.3; P =0.004).Conclusions GR and GRα are strongly ex展开更多
AIM:To explore a simple method to create intestinal autotransplantation in rats and growing pigs and to investigate the effect of L-arginine supplementation on serum nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and ...AIM:To explore a simple method to create intestinal autotransplantation in rats and growing pigs and to investigate the effect of L-arginine supplementation on serum nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and intestinal mucosal NOS and Na+-K+-ATPase activity during cold ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in growing pigs. METHODS: In adult Wistar rat models of small bowel autotransplantation, a fine tube was inserted into mesenteric artery via the abdominal aorta. The superior mesenteric artery and vein were occluded. Isolated terminal ileum segment was irrigated with Ringer's solution at 4℃ and preserved in the same solution at 0-4℃ for 60 min. Then, the tube was removed and reperfusion was established. In growing pig models, a terminal ileum segment, 50 cm in length, was isolated and its mesenteric artery was irrigated via a needle with lactated Ringer's solution at 4℃. The method and period of cold preservation and reperfusion were described above. Ten white outbred pigs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. L-arginine (150 mg/kg) was continuously infused for 15 min before reperfusion and for 30 min after reperfusion in the experimental group. One, 24, 48, and 72 h after reperfusion, peripheral vein blood was respectively collected for NO and NOS determination. At the same time point, intestinal mucosae were also obtained for NOS and Na+-K+-ATPase activity measurement. RESULTS: In adult rat models, 16 of 20 rats sustained the procedure, three died of hemorrhage shock and one of deep anesthesia. In growing pig models, the viability of small bowel graft remained for 72 h after cold IR in eight of 10 pigs. In experimental group, serum NO level at 1 and 24 h after reperfusion increased significantly when compared with control group at the same time point (152.2±61.4μmol/L /s60.8±31.6μmol/L, t=2.802, P=0.02<0.05; 82.2±24.0μmol/L vs 54.0±24.3μmol/L, t=2.490, P=0.04<0.05). Serum NO level increased significantly at 1 h post-reperfusion when compared with the same group before col展开更多
文摘Aim: To study the effect of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) and the role of actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on testicular gubernaculum development in fetal male Kunming mice. Methods: Pregnant mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups and injected with DES subcutaneously from gestational day 9 (E9) to day 17 (E17) at doses of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μg·kg-1·d-1 in 0.2 mL dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). On E17 they were sacrificed and fetuses quickly removed for fixation. Male fetuses were sliced on serial coronal plane. Histologi-cal changes were observed under the light microscope (LM) and ultrastructural changes with the scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM & TEM). The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was quantitated by immunohistochemistry. Results: The mortality of the fetuses was higher in the DES-treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Under LM the gubernacula were seen to be poorly developed with smaller bulbs. On SEM the bulbs lose the clear demarcation between the mesenchymal inner core and the muscular outer layer and looked like a small cone instead of the normal cylindrical appearance. On TEM there were some smaller disordered myofibrils and sparse cytoplasmic organelles in the gubernacular muscular cells of the treated groups. The expression intensity of actin and PCNA in the gubernacula was significantly weaker in the treated groups than that in the DMSO and saline controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: DES induces underdevelopment of the gubernacula in a dose-dependent manner in fetal male mice and down regulates the actin and PCNA expression.
文摘Background Velvet antler polypeptides (VAPs), which are derived from the antler velvets, have been reported to maintain survival and promote growth and differentiation of neural cells and, especially the development of neural tissues This study was designed to explore the influence of VAPs on neural stem cells in vitro derived from embryonic rat brain Methods Neural stem cells derived from E12 14 rat brain were isolated, cultured, and expanded for 7 days until neural stem cell aggregations and neurospheres were generated The neurospheres were cultured under the condition of different concentration of VAPs followed by immunocytochemistry to detect the differentiation of neural stem cells Results VAPs could remarkablely promote differentiation of neural stem cells and most neural stem cells were induced to differentiate towards the direction of neurons under certain concentration of VAPs Conclusion Neural stem cells can be successfully induced into neurons by VAPs in vitro , which could provide a basis for regeneration of the nervous system
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvascular density (MVD) count in pediatric malignant liver tumor and their clinical significances. METHODS: Fourteen children with malignant liver tumors including seven hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), five hepatoblastomas, one malignant mesenchymoma and one rhabdomyosarcoma were studied. Twelve adult HCC samples served as control group. All samples were examined with streptavidin-biotin peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemical staining for VEGF expression and MVD count. RESULTS: VEGF positive expression in all pediatric malignant liver tumors was significantly higher than that in adult HCC (0.4971±0.14 vs0.4027±0.03, P<0.05). VEGF expression in pediatric HCC group was also markedly higher than that in adult HCC group (0.5665±0.10 vs0.4027±0.03, P<0.01) and pediatric non-HCC group (0.5665±0.10 vs 0.4276±0.15, P<0.05). The mean value of MVD in pediatric malignant liver tumors was significantly higher than that in adult HCC (33.66±12.24 vs 26.52±4.38, P<0.05). Furthermore, MVD in pediatric HCC group was significantly higher compared to that in adult HCC group (36.94±9.28 vs 26.52±4.38, P<0.05), but there was no significant difference compared to the pediatric non-HCC group (36.94±9.28 vs 30.37±14.61, P>0.05). All 7 children in HCC group died within 2 years, whereas the prognosis in pediatric non-HCC group was better, in which two patients survived more than 5 years. CONCLUSION: Children with malignant liver tumors, especially with HCC, may have extensive angiogenesis that induces a rapid tumor growth and leads to a poor prognosis.
文摘AIM: To investigate whether TL-10-transduced dendritic cells (DCs) could induce tolerogenicity and prolong allograft survival in rat intestinal transplantation.METHODS: Spleen-derived DCs were prepared and genetically modified by hTL-10 gene. The level of IL-10 expression was quantitated by ELTSA. DC function was assessed by MTT in mixed leukocyte reaction. Allogeneic T-cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometric analysis. Seven days before heterotopic intestinal transplantation, 2x106 donor-derived IL-10-DC were injected intravenously, then transplantation was performed between SD donor and Wistar recipient.RESULTS: Compared with untransduced DC, IL-10-DC could suppress allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR). The inhibitory effect was the most striking with the stimulator/effector (S/F) ratio of 1:10. The inhibition rate was 33.25 %,41.19 % (P<0.01) and 22.92 % with the S/E ratio of 1:1,1:10 and 1:50 respectively. At 48 hours and 72 hours by flow cytometry counting, apoptotic T cells responded to IL-10-DC in MLR were 13.8 % and 30.1%, while untransduced group did not undergo significant apoptosis (P<0.05). IL-10-DC pretreated recipients had a moderate survival prolongation with a mean allograft survival of 19.8 days (P<0.01),compared with 7.3±2.4 days in control group and 8.3±2.9days in untransduced DC group. Rejection occurred in the control group within three days. The difference between untreated DC group and control group was not significant.CONCLUSION: IL-10-DC can induce allogenic T-cell hyporesponsiveness in vitro and apoptosis may be involved in it. IL-10-DC pretreatment can prolong intestinal allograft survival in the recipient.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2000SM58
文摘AIM: To investigate the mutation of EDNRB gene and EDN3 gene in sporadic Hirschsprung's disease (HD) in Chinese population.METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from bowel tissues of 34 unrelated HD patients which were removed by surgery.Exon 3, 4, 6 of EDNRB gene and Exon 1, 2 of EDN-3 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP).RESULTS: EDNRB mutations were detected in 2 of the 13short-segment HD. One mutant was in the exon 3, the other was in the exon 6. EDN-3 mutation was detected in one of the 13 short-segment HD and in the exon 2. Both EDNRB and EDN-3 mutations were detected in one short-segment HD. No mutations were detected in the ordinary or longsegment HD.CONCLUSION: The mutations of EDNRB gene and EDN-3 gene are found in the short-segment HD of sporadic Hirschsprung's disease in Chinese population, which suggests that the EDNRB gene and EDN-3 gene play important roles in the pathogenesis of HD.
基金Supported by The Natural Scientific Foundation of Shandong Province, No. Q99C13
文摘AIM: Small intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) has been demonstrated to result in both local mucosal injury and systemic injuries. The exact role of nitric oxide (NO) in intestinal IR is unclear. We propose that NO and some other cytokines change in the reperfusion period and these changes are associated with lung injury. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing NO substrate, L-arginine (L-arg), on serum and pulmonary cytokine production during small intestinal IR in immature rats. METHODS: Immature rats underwent 60 min. of superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 90 min of reperfusion. L-arg (250 mg/kg) was given intravenously to the experimental group (IR+L-arg) which received L-arg after 45 min of intestinal ischemia. Serum and lung endothelin-1 (ET-1), NO, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFα) were measured. Sham operation (SHAM) and intestinal IR (IR) groups were performed as control. The lavage fluid of the lung was collected by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and white blood cells and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) were immediately counted to identify lung damage. RESULTS: When L-arg was given during small intestinal IR, serum NO concentration increased significantly in IR+L-arg group (162.17±42.93 μmol/L) when compared with IR group (87.57±23.17 μmol/L, t=3.190, P= 0.008 <0.01). Serum MDA reduced significantly in IR+L-arg group (8.93±1.50 nmol/L) when compared with SHAM (23.78±7.81 nmol/L, t= 3.243, P= 0.007<0.01) and IR (25.54±9.32 nmol/L, t= 3.421, P= 0.006<0.01). ET-1 level in lung tissues was significantly lower in IR+L-arg group (13.81±7.84 pg/mL) than that in SHAM (35.52±10.82 pg/mL, t= 2,571, P= 0,03<0.05) and IR (50.83±22.05 pg/mL, t= 3.025, P= 0.009<0.01) groups. MDA contents in lung tissues were significantly lower in IR+L-arg group (10.73±1.99 nmol/L) than in SHAM (16.62±2.28 nmol/L, t= 3.280, P = 0.007<0.01) and IR (21.90±4.82 nmol/L, t= 3.322, P= 0.007<0.01) groups. Serum and lung TNFα concentrations were not significantly di
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.39670746
文摘AIM: To study the long-term therapeutic effect of 'heartshaped' anastomosis for Hirschsprung's disease.METHODS: From January 1986 to October 1997, we performed one-stage 'heart-shaped' anastomosis for 193 patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD). One hundred and fiftytwo patients were followed up patients (follow-up rate 79%).The operative outcome and postoperative complications were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS: Early complications included urine retention in 2patients, enteritis in 10, anastomotic stricture in 1, and intestinal obstruction in 2. No infection of abdominal cavity or wound and anastomotic leakage or death occurred in any patients. Late complications were present in 22 cases,including adhesive intestinal obstruction in 2, longer anal in 5, incision hernia in 2, enteritis in 6, occasional stool stains in 7 and 6 related with improper diet. No constipation or incontinence occurred in any patient.CONCLUSION: The early and late postoperative complication rates were 7.8% and 11.4% respectively in our 'heartshaped anastomosis' procedure. 'Heart-shaped'anastomosis procedure for Hirschsprung's disease provides a better therapeutic effect compared to classic procedures.
文摘Background Manometric pressure asymmetry of the anal sphincter exists in the anal canal. There are reports about the anatomy of the anal sphincter, but the relationship between the configuration and the pressure asymmetry of the anal sphincter is not clear. This study is to investigate the anatomic evidence and clinical application of anal sphincter pressure asymmetry. Methods PC polygram HR at the state of relaxing and squeezing was used in 27 normal children and 12 abnormal ones with fecal incontinence. Results In normal children, longitudinal pressure gradients existed at eight channels in the anal canal, and the maximal pressure I cm from the anal verge. Longitudinal pressure asymmetry changes of eight channels also existed in the anal canal, from 3 cm to 2 cm to I cm from the anal verge. The high pressure distribution changed from the posterior to the anterior anal canal. Anteriorly, 1 cm from the anal verge, the maximal pressure was formed in the anal canal. However, neither longitudinal pressure gradients nor longitudinal pressure asymmetry changes were seen in patients with fecal incontinence. Conclusion The configuration and function of the striated muscle complex possibly contribute to the formation of the pressure asymmetry of the anal sphincter, which is essential to anal control.
文摘Background Hemangiomas are the most common tumors in children. Some hemangiomas may require intervention because of their location, size, behavior, or potential for important complications. Pharmacological therapy with glucocorticoids is the mainstay treatment, but there is no consensus on therapeutic regimens or candidate selection, therapeutic efficacy vaires, and the mechanism mediating the beneficial effects of glucocorticoids remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate the expression patterns of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its α isoform (GRα) in cutaneous hemangiomas and vascular malformations.Methods SP immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of GR(e-20) (GR) and GR (p-20) (GRα) on vascular endothelial cells in 80 specimens that included 33 proliferating hemangiomas, 32 involuting hemangiomas, 7 vascular malformations as well as 8 normal skin tissues, all obtained from infants and children. GR and GRα expression in prepared tissue slides were examined using automated computer-assisted microscopic analysis. Mean gray scale values were compared among the various tumor types.Results The mean gray scale values of GR were 127.0±6.4 and 121.4±6.6 in hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively, but this difference was not statistically significant ( P =0.104). However, these values were all markedly higher than that of normal skin, which was only 108.6±6.8 ( P =0.001 and P =0.000 for comparison with hemangiomas and vascular malformations respectively). The gray scale of GR in proliferation and involuting hemangiomas were 127.9±4.8 and 126.0±5.8 respectively, but this difference was not significant ( P =0.146). However, GRα expression in hemangiomas, vascular malformations and normal skin declined gradually in stepwise fashion (127.3±5.4, 120.4±6.1 and 109.9±5.3 respectively; P <0.001). GRα expression was higher in proliferating hemangiomas than in involuting hemangiomas (127.2±6.3 and 122.5±6.3; P =0.004).Conclusions GR and GRα are strongly ex
基金Supported by the Natural Scientific Foundation of Shandong Province,No.Q99C13
文摘AIM:To explore a simple method to create intestinal autotransplantation in rats and growing pigs and to investigate the effect of L-arginine supplementation on serum nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and intestinal mucosal NOS and Na+-K+-ATPase activity during cold ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in growing pigs. METHODS: In adult Wistar rat models of small bowel autotransplantation, a fine tube was inserted into mesenteric artery via the abdominal aorta. The superior mesenteric artery and vein were occluded. Isolated terminal ileum segment was irrigated with Ringer's solution at 4℃ and preserved in the same solution at 0-4℃ for 60 min. Then, the tube was removed and reperfusion was established. In growing pig models, a terminal ileum segment, 50 cm in length, was isolated and its mesenteric artery was irrigated via a needle with lactated Ringer's solution at 4℃. The method and period of cold preservation and reperfusion were described above. Ten white outbred pigs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. L-arginine (150 mg/kg) was continuously infused for 15 min before reperfusion and for 30 min after reperfusion in the experimental group. One, 24, 48, and 72 h after reperfusion, peripheral vein blood was respectively collected for NO and NOS determination. At the same time point, intestinal mucosae were also obtained for NOS and Na+-K+-ATPase activity measurement. RESULTS: In adult rat models, 16 of 20 rats sustained the procedure, three died of hemorrhage shock and one of deep anesthesia. In growing pig models, the viability of small bowel graft remained for 72 h after cold IR in eight of 10 pigs. In experimental group, serum NO level at 1 and 24 h after reperfusion increased significantly when compared with control group at the same time point (152.2±61.4μmol/L /s60.8±31.6μmol/L, t=2.802, P=0.02<0.05; 82.2±24.0μmol/L vs 54.0±24.3μmol/L, t=2.490, P=0.04<0.05). Serum NO level increased significantly at 1 h post-reperfusion when compared with the same group before col
