Locust has the capacity to maintain a righting posture and glide through attitude adjustment after leaping. A prototype inspired by the dynamic mechanism of attitude adjustment of locusts was developed. The prototype ...Locust has the capacity to maintain a righting posture and glide through attitude adjustment after leaping. A prototype inspired by the dynamic mechanism of attitude adjustment of locusts was developed. The prototype consists of a pair of wings driven by a four-bar mechanism, and a 2 Degree of Freedom （DOF） tail to imitate the movement of the locust abdomen. The power source, microcontroller, wireless data transmission module, and attitude sensors are contained in the fuselage. Experiments imitating the flight of locust were conducted to determine the mechanism of locust Subsequent Attitude Adjustment （SAA）. The tethered prototype was driven by the movement of the tail and the flapping of the wings. Results show that the pitch and yaw of the tail, and the asymmetric action of the flapping wings significantly influence the posture of the prototype. These findings suggest that both the wiggling abdomen and flapping wings contribute to the locust SAA in the air. This research lays the groundwork and technical support for the probable design and development of practical jumping robots with attitude adjustment function.展开更多
Marine animals and micro-machines often use wiggling motion to generate thrust. The wiggling motion can be modeled by a progressive wave where its wavelength describes the flexibility of wiggling animals. In the prese...Marine animals and micro-machines often use wiggling motion to generate thrust. The wiggling motion can be modeled by a progressive wave where its wavelength describes the flexibility of wiggling animals. In the present study, an immersed boundary method is used to simulate the flows around the wiggling hydrofoil NACA 65-010 at low Reynolds numbers. One can find from the numerical simulations that the thrust generation is largely determined by the wavelength. The thrust coefficients decrease with the increasing wavelength while the propulsive efficiency reaches a maximum at a certain wavelength due to the viscous effects. The thrust generation is associated with two different flow patterns in the wake： the well-known reversed Karman vortex streets and the vortex dipoles. Both are jet-type flows where the thrust coefficients associated with the reversed Karman vortex streets are larger than the ones associated with the vortex diploes.展开更多
A physical design study of the Circular Electron-Positron Collider（CEPC） booster is reported. The booster provides 120 GeV electron and positron beams for the CEPC collider with top-up injection. The booster is moun...A physical design study of the Circular Electron-Positron Collider（CEPC） booster is reported. The booster provides 120 GeV electron and positron beams for the CEPC collider with top-up injection. The booster is mounted above the collider in the same tunnel. To save cost, the energy of the linac injector for the booster is chosen as 6 GeV, corresponding to a magnetic field of 30.7 Gs. In this paper, the booster lattice is described and optimization of the cell length is discussed. A novel scheme of bypass near the detector of the collider is designed.The extremely low magnetic field caused by low injection energy is studied, and a new ideal of wiggling bands is proposed to mitigate the low-field problem. Beam transfer and injection from the linac to the booster are considered.展开更多
The reliable dates Chinese historians recorded begin only from 841 BC. For the prehistoric chronology, radiocarbon dating has been an important method; but for historic times, it is difficult to determine the dates of...The reliable dates Chinese historians recorded begin only from 841 BC. For the prehistoric chronology, radiocarbon dating has been an important method; but for historic times, it is difficult to determine the dates of objects and events. Recently, the technique of radiocarbon dating has been greatly improved by raising its precision and by adopting the high-precision ^14C-dendrochronology curve and AMS ^14C method, owing to which as well as the progress of archaeology it is hopeful to establish today the framework of Xia-Shang-Zhou chronology. By using a liquid scintillation counter with the measuring error less than 3‰ for conventional radiocarbon dating and wiggle-matching with calibration-curve, our dating group has achieved gratifying results for the chronological study of the Three Dynasties. The basis of the chronological framework is estabilished through radiocarbon dating of the series of samples excavated from many well-known sites. Finally, the radiocarbon chronological framework and corresponding table of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties are acquired through synthetical study.展开更多
The method of radiocarbon dating of series samples unearthed from archaeological sites is briefly explained on both theoretical and practical levels. Some questions raised by archaeologists are answered. It is emphasi...The method of radiocarbon dating of series samples unearthed from archaeological sites is briefly explained on both theoretical and practical levels. Some questions raised by archaeologists are answered. It is emphasized that the method of radiocarbon dating of series samples should be widely used especially when chronological problems in ancient civilization studies need to be solved.展开更多
基金Acknowledgment This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.51075014 and No.51375035）, the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （No.20121102110021）.
文摘Locust has the capacity to maintain a righting posture and glide through attitude adjustment after leaping. A prototype inspired by the dynamic mechanism of attitude adjustment of locusts was developed. The prototype consists of a pair of wings driven by a four-bar mechanism, and a 2 Degree of Freedom （DOF） tail to imitate the movement of the locust abdomen. The power source, microcontroller, wireless data transmission module, and attitude sensors are contained in the fuselage. Experiments imitating the flight of locust were conducted to determine the mechanism of locust Subsequent Attitude Adjustment （SAA）. The tethered prototype was driven by the movement of the tail and the flapping of the wings. Results show that the pitch and yaw of the tail, and the asymmetric action of the flapping wings significantly influence the posture of the prototype. These findings suggest that both the wiggling abdomen and flapping wings contribute to the locust SAA in the air. This research lays the groundwork and technical support for the probable design and development of practical jumping robots with attitude adjustment function.
文摘Marine animals and micro-machines often use wiggling motion to generate thrust. The wiggling motion can be modeled by a progressive wave where its wavelength describes the flexibility of wiggling animals. In the present study, an immersed boundary method is used to simulate the flows around the wiggling hydrofoil NACA 65-010 at low Reynolds numbers. One can find from the numerical simulations that the thrust generation is largely determined by the wavelength. The thrust coefficients decrease with the increasing wavelength while the propulsive efficiency reaches a maximum at a certain wavelength due to the viscous effects. The thrust generation is associated with two different flow patterns in the wake： the well-known reversed Karman vortex streets and the vortex dipoles. Both are jet-type flows where the thrust coefficients associated with the reversed Karman vortex streets are larger than the ones associated with the vortex diploes.
文摘A physical design study of the Circular Electron-Positron Collider（CEPC） booster is reported. The booster provides 120 GeV electron and positron beams for the CEPC collider with top-up injection. The booster is mounted above the collider in the same tunnel. To save cost, the energy of the linac injector for the booster is chosen as 6 GeV, corresponding to a magnetic field of 30.7 Gs. In this paper, the booster lattice is described and optimization of the cell length is discussed. A novel scheme of bypass near the detector of the collider is designed.The extremely low magnetic field caused by low injection energy is studied, and a new ideal of wiggling bands is proposed to mitigate the low-field problem. Beam transfer and injection from the linac to the booster are considered.
文摘The reliable dates Chinese historians recorded begin only from 841 BC. For the prehistoric chronology, radiocarbon dating has been an important method; but for historic times, it is difficult to determine the dates of objects and events. Recently, the technique of radiocarbon dating has been greatly improved by raising its precision and by adopting the high-precision ^14C-dendrochronology curve and AMS ^14C method, owing to which as well as the progress of archaeology it is hopeful to establish today the framework of Xia-Shang-Zhou chronology. By using a liquid scintillation counter with the measuring error less than 3‰ for conventional radiocarbon dating and wiggle-matching with calibration-curve, our dating group has achieved gratifying results for the chronological study of the Three Dynasties. The basis of the chronological framework is estabilished through radiocarbon dating of the series of samples excavated from many well-known sites. Finally, the radiocarbon chronological framework and corresponding table of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties are acquired through synthetical study.
文摘The method of radiocarbon dating of series samples unearthed from archaeological sites is briefly explained on both theoretical and practical levels. Some questions raised by archaeologists are answered. It is emphasized that the method of radiocarbon dating of series samples should be widely used especially when chronological problems in ancient civilization studies need to be solved.
