摘要
为了探讨南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba)个体的温度适应性,通过设置渐变升温和骤变降温连续实验,分析了不同温度状态下南极大磷虾的生存状态和腹足摆动频率的变化特征,并对不同体长组南极大磷虾的温度适应性进行了对比研究。实验结果表明:渐变升温过程中,不同温度梯度的腹足摆动频率差异不显著(P﹥0.001),对1~5℃梯度内渐变升温有较好的生存适应性;在骤变降温过程中不同温度梯度的腹足摆动频率差异显著(P<0.001),对骤变降温的生存适应性较差。渐变升温过程中南极大磷虾对温度变化适应性存在显著的昼夜差异(P<0.05),白天对温度变化的适应性优于晚上,3~4℃梯度是影响渐变升温昼夜差异的主要梯度;骤变降温过程中昼夜差异不显著(P﹥0.05),在0^-0.5℃梯度内具有较为一致的适应性。不同体长组南极大磷虾腹足摆动频率差异显著(P<0.05),31~40 mm体长组个体的适应性较强,最大和最小体长组个体的适应性最弱,且存在一定的相似性。温度变化对南极大磷虾生存状态的影响较大,骤变降温对南极大磷虾生存状态的影响大于渐变升温过程。
Temperature is not only an important factor affecting the distribution and abundance of Euphausia superba resources,but also a key factor affecting its survival status.In order to study the temperature adaptability of Euphausia superba individuals,the characteristics of the survival state and wiggling frequency of Euphausia superba pleopod at different temperatures were analyzed by raising temperature gradually and dropping abruptly,and also the temperature adaptability of different body length groups of Euphausia superba was also studied.The temperature gradient experiment was performed in two groups,day and night.Two groups of experiments were carried out continuously.There were 15 batches with 10 parallel samples in each batch.The temperature gradient experiment was performed under the condition that the salinity and illumination of the experimental environment remained stable.The observation and recording of Euphausia superba pleopod wiggling and survival status without temperature gradient was done with a Canon SLR digital camera.The shooting time of a single parallel sample was 30-90 s.In the gradual temperature increase experiment,the experimental living sample was transferred into a 200 mL container with water temperature of 1℃(the initial water temperature).The internal water temperature gradually rose by using the temperature difference between the internal temperature of the cabin(6.2-12.1℃)and the initial water temperature in the container.The internal water temperature gradually rose,and the range of temperature rise was 1-5℃.The sequence of temperature rise was 1,2,3,4,5℃,and the temperature error was within±0.1℃.When the experimental water temperature reached 5℃,the 200 mL container with the experimental sample was placed in the experiment box containing sea ice to achieve the temperature drop.With 5℃as the initial water temperature,the temperature dropped suddenly to 0℃and-0.5℃,and the temperature error was±0.1℃.The experimental results showed that the pleopod wigging frequen
作者
李帅
邱盛尧
黄洪亮
杨嘉樑
李灵智
LI Shuai;QIU Shengyao;HUANG Hongliang;YANG Jialiang;LI Lingzhi(Ocean College,Yantai University,Yantai Shandong 264005,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期304-314,共11页
Marine Fisheries
基金
国家重点研发计划:南极磷虾绿色高效连续捕捞关键技术与装备研发(2018YFC1406803)。
关键词
南极大磷虾
温度适应性
腹足摆动频率
生存状态
Euphausia superba
temperature adaptability
wiggling frequency of pleopod
survival status
