The safety of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse has become one of the major obstacles affecting the development of electric vehicles. In this paper, the lithium-ion battery safety model under mechanical abu...The safety of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse has become one of the major obstacles affecting the development of electric vehicles. In this paper, the lithium-ion battery safety model under mechanical abuse conditions is proposed by the Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network(BP-ANN) optimized by the Genetic Algorithm(GA). By experimental and simulation results, the proposed method can effectively predict battery mechanical properties. The corresponding correlation coefficient is greater than 0.99, the failure warning model has more safety margin, and the average security margin is greater than 29%. The multi-source warning weight shows that the mechanical soft short-circuit has the greatest warning margin, followed by that of the soft short-circuit of the electrical signal. The thermal soft short-circuit has the lowest warning margin because of the low thermal conductivity. The qualitative simulation results of the battery module reveal that, when electric vehicles are subjected to mechanical abuse conditions, the rapid reduction in the state-of-charge(SOC) of the rear batteries can effectively increase the reliability of the battery module. The proposed safety model is important to protect the safety and stability of lithium-ion batteries, which is conducive to promoting new energy vehicles and protecting the environment.展开更多
Obesity is considered an emerging epidemic that is often associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Among the therapeutic options for morbid obesity, bariatric surgery plays an important role when conventional...Obesity is considered an emerging epidemic that is often associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Among the therapeutic options for morbid obesity, bariatric surgery plays an important role when conventional therapies fail. The effects of bariatric surgery on liver function and morphology are controversial in the literature. Liver failure has been reported after jejunoileal bypass(JIB), biliopancreatic diversion and gastric bypass. Biliointestinal bypass(BIB) is considered an effective procedure among recently introduced bariatric surgery techniques. It is a clinically safe, purely malabsorptive operation in which the blind intestinal loop of the JIB is anastomosed to the gallbladder, allowing a portion of bile to transit into excluded intestinal tract. BIB is the only procedure, to our knowledge, to have no liver side effects reported in the literature. We report the case of a young obese woman who developed liver failure 8 mo after BIB. She had a rapid weight loss(70 kg) with a reduction in body mass index of 41% from January to September 2012. Because of a severe hepatic decompensation, she was referred to a transplantation centre. We strongly believe that the most important pathogenetic mechanism involved in the development of liver injury is the rapid weight loss that produced a signif icant fatty liver inf iltration.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52072039)the Key R&D Program of Beijing(Grant No.Z181100004518005)。
文摘The safety of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse has become one of the major obstacles affecting the development of electric vehicles. In this paper, the lithium-ion battery safety model under mechanical abuse conditions is proposed by the Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network(BP-ANN) optimized by the Genetic Algorithm(GA). By experimental and simulation results, the proposed method can effectively predict battery mechanical properties. The corresponding correlation coefficient is greater than 0.99, the failure warning model has more safety margin, and the average security margin is greater than 29%. The multi-source warning weight shows that the mechanical soft short-circuit has the greatest warning margin, followed by that of the soft short-circuit of the electrical signal. The thermal soft short-circuit has the lowest warning margin because of the low thermal conductivity. The qualitative simulation results of the battery module reveal that, when electric vehicles are subjected to mechanical abuse conditions, the rapid reduction in the state-of-charge(SOC) of the rear batteries can effectively increase the reliability of the battery module. The proposed safety model is important to protect the safety and stability of lithium-ion batteries, which is conducive to promoting new energy vehicles and protecting the environment.
文摘Obesity is considered an emerging epidemic that is often associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Among the therapeutic options for morbid obesity, bariatric surgery plays an important role when conventional therapies fail. The effects of bariatric surgery on liver function and morphology are controversial in the literature. Liver failure has been reported after jejunoileal bypass(JIB), biliopancreatic diversion and gastric bypass. Biliointestinal bypass(BIB) is considered an effective procedure among recently introduced bariatric surgery techniques. It is a clinically safe, purely malabsorptive operation in which the blind intestinal loop of the JIB is anastomosed to the gallbladder, allowing a portion of bile to transit into excluded intestinal tract. BIB is the only procedure, to our knowledge, to have no liver side effects reported in the literature. We report the case of a young obese woman who developed liver failure 8 mo after BIB. She had a rapid weight loss(70 kg) with a reduction in body mass index of 41% from January to September 2012. Because of a severe hepatic decompensation, she was referred to a transplantation centre. We strongly believe that the most important pathogenetic mechanism involved in the development of liver injury is the rapid weight loss that produced a signif icant fatty liver inf iltration.
